signed them disrespect even to those who cooperated with them. the fact of ignoring the religious beliefs of the hindus led to the mutiny embassy boys, mercenary soldiers, serving under the british crown. 3000000000 began on the 10th of may 1857 in the garrison town of may river, north of india. in the form of a mutiny. the rebels quickly took over daily. the heroic resistance of the indian people lasted for one and a half years. however, the forces were not equal. the colonial authorities dealt with the rebels cruelly, the enslaves, the boys were tied to the mouth of the cannon and were shot right through their bodies for the amusement of the public. these type of execution was called the devil's when the obliteration of the mutiny resulted in the death of 800000 inhabitants of india. however, the british empire never broke the free spirit of the indians and their will for resistance. mm.

with never, never. and never gate, sally bid that vis filtered love were like carrying that fear of the oppression off one by another. and thought, are they in good

a wrong number on so, peoria human, actually let it run, but i thought of it the soviet union, of course, played a key role in terms of sustaining the liberation forces of south africa. the truth though, is that without the support at the time, we would have really struggled quite a bit. they have assisted me, don't fight us in this country. education. i need many padding lea contreras. and can you imagine the whole continent of friends and this is wonderful.

hello, welcome to this week's african, now so from constitutional hill in johannesburg, south africa. but coming to you in the same week that this country is celebrating the anniversary of its 1st poster party election that resulted in nelson when he clocked mandela, who once of time in this prison, being infected as south africa was 1st black president. it was monday la, who said that the sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement. let freedom rain that south africa is not the only african countries celebrating its freedom. this month. cynical zimbabwe and others also commemorating the occasion and all countries that achieved their independence with the help of the soviet union. april is freedom month across africa. as in this month, we celebrate the 65th anniversary of africa, freedom day, or african liberation day, in which 8th independent african nations came together in accra gonna 5 years later,

more than 2 thirds of the continent was independent from mostly imperial european states. and now, 50 african countries came together in the european capital to form a would later become the african union correspondent. and this other tells us more these meeting, the organization of african unity was pounded with the initial end to in cottage, the decorum ization off. i'm going out mozambique, south africa and how they're doing the organization place to support the work that the but the freedom fighters and remove military access to colonial nation. of course, countries still contributes many in many directions for their are their morgan, for the african. why is it a there that it there, one of the i do, i do our victory is another more dead for another countries. when they see the

african is turned in with others out of countries. envision your guys more than for the other. the african countries are so many leaders are emerging from africa as more than and l u l, u is in each of yeah. and even now our political leaders or so you're more than for other african counters. they can learn from your b, r, to be dependent, and to use in the genius knowledge, natural power, but the still now we are not using our powers, our geographical, our natural powers, but it will be more dense. money's corners to the out of guild, the physical consul off european power ended in the ninety's, he guessed, is after independence or south africa. the end of the colonization was announced. but the wisdom, imperialism, not yet ended and continues in another form. now the system is established to have

the call only out master, but the colonized for african countries to secure for independence. they should work on re framing the system that benefits on the slot, melissa, out of t a, b sub bob. since the founding of the african union has african countries thrown off the yoke of western colonialism, is there a lot to celebrate or a long journey still to embark upon? human rights lawyer people meant to less ways in, on the question. advocate superman to la. thank you so much for joining us here on africa. now. this week we're celebrating africa freedom month. but of course, as many questions related to that, if the founding fathers had to assess the progress that has been made in those decades, do you think they would be satisfied with the way the continent has moved forward? it has been difficult for the continent because it appears that the freedom came

with a high price and that price was to stick. suffice was to reach consensus with the former colonial masters. and also us to look at was freedom free and also us independence of freedom. so at, in the founding fathers or do wanted the body economic and cultural freedoms. because political freedom was attain in the sixty's. but in a benefit century, i think they will have set how 5 we moved on. you could only can cause our freedoms . and how would you answer that question? how far have we moved in terms of cultural and economic freedom with not moved? actually, we are still limping, where there are challenges come from an academic space coming from illegal and human rights space. i've seen that many freedoms have been trampled as i've picked up that culturally, we are still westernized. a european iced advised, you know,

so you funded because the issue is to allow all cultures to be to, to be harmonized or to live in the same space, but for the continent to do. an audit is also interesting when we talk of been to years of the africa peer review. now the governance for us to also manage our freedom. it says delivery issues. you can't really blame the colonial powers. i mean, we're talking about countries that have been independent for decades here. so why was that shift not made? you know, issues both often with me. he couldn't, can hes the debate of the dollar. no economy can men of him conscious were not independent. hence, you find that the independence into freedom, you still have to use your former cornell must as currency or you owe it. that is still a french colonial impact under that is still a french language that still exists in our even traveling documents. you look at your own set of campus, but that above the to suit. so it shows you that we are not yet fully the easy

monies our movements. so the issue of blame yours is not to blame for the sake of shifting dev team is to say, asserted that the colonel must us have done as in then a continent friday this week at our invest, we had a session. we were talking about a canadian mama got us and issue that came was when can i ask the you and of operations for africa? i don't know where they knew that figure how much. he said i was not mean african countries. they don't talk up what he was, it will do. it is point out to say we a friend, 7.7 trillion for the policing for what is her pent so you can see pull out the issue of blaming the coronel must us and de west. come from the issue of seeing a, cept and acknowledge what to have done. do you think that's realistic? you really think african countries are going to get reparations from the former colonial masters. it has been difficult to remember where the water conference, arkansas racism in south africa in 2001,

it doesn't debate. it was led by the african diaspora, caribbean block m. i. i think what you see now, we see a return of cultural artifacts in africa. and my concern is that the return of cattle at if it's, if they do this, a value on them. how to quantify people. are you saying that pre and post colonial africa is actually the same africa? slightly we've changed with the edition of their thoughts, done the pickle, linelle africa with the kingdoms have changed. drastic i did that of all of the westminster system in the 60 seventy's, then 90 ninety's washington consensus elections all over africa. moving away from my job, the democrat, i mean from one part to state to a mile to patty democracy. hence i went back to my president paula, not my quit my my a citation of was it freedom or was it independence? part of the liberation of africa. and the reason why we've come to the point where

we are of course, has been the assistance of the soviet union in the liberation struggles. how important was the role of the soviet union? they have assisted men of who don't fight us in this country. it occasionally military li, coach herani. because what that len also in russia, many russian young scholars. they have passion for after the visit african countries. the collect, ma'am, was the collect, the history of books about africa. so one can look at how russia is also passionate about leaning about africa. and it's also in and about assistance to learn about russia. and if we look at the relationship today between russian african countries, what can russia do to help liberate africa even further? i think one of the children things empowerment in cation and remember, so the, for k to were into energy sector. so you can see that what russia must bring in

this a hell is to train that this a hell region empower them and move out. simple enough for the, for me is to lot to stay long, you know, is to empower and or so shit it, knowledge, experiences. and that's how you can put the narrative of the image. often i shop in cobalt put. it is 29 years. so south africans from all walks of life and ages, queued for hours in the hot sun, determined not to miss this country's 1st non racial election. and like many other african countries, south africa, one is independence with the assistance of the soviet union. our correspondent in south africa, looks back at that historic occasion. and the role the u. s. is all played in it. i'm coming to you straight from so where to where into hannah's back. behind me is the freedom square, also known as the open air museum and it's dedicated to water system lou,

one of south africa struggle heroes. this place tells the story off the drafting off to freedom charter in 1955. it also reminds us that assistance that to the soviet union provided to the people's liberation army of namibia and the african national congress is military wing and corn to with caesar, was essential in helping them fight against the partied government. no one has forgotten that help or at least of all those who were involved well and i joined the african national congress and the south african communist poor to you, student 20 year old or so at the time of shuffle. 1960 the massacre. there was no possibility of changing the supposed system with revolutionary violence without an armed struggle. so quite a number of us were sent out of the country and i was sent with

a 150 other young people to the soviet union. we went de via the 10s, and now we had to leave the country. secretly. we arrived in the soviet union in moscow, landed there at the beginning of 1964, and then we trained at a beautiful city on the charge near morris, the black sea. odessa just, how much of a role do you think the soviet union played with all the other liberation heroes? the soviet june, down of course, played a key role in terms of sustain the liberation forces of south africa, usually africa. but we weren't the only recipients. the colonial system collapsed. the british colonies, the french,

the portuguese bel germ, a dutch, all the colonies from asia to latin america and in africa. the people rose up demanding the freedom that had been spoken about during the 2nd world war. in other words, you're saying that if it wasn't for the soviet union would, would not have seen this liberation coming about. it would have taken far longer with far greater sacrifice than occurred because these former colonial countries and they were colonial country still after the war they strive, strove to cling onto their colonial positions. so the people of africa and india were drawn in one. they were pressing for freedom and the way the se union was able to get support the vietnamese struggle, for instance. that made the huge difference. what do you make of rushes

relations with the african continent? it's been very interesting. you know that the e, u m. a nato countries in the u. s. a. made a huge era in trying to force sanctions to be adopted against russia, by africa, demonstrations against the south african government, strict apartheid policies flare, and a shocking violence at sharpsville and industrial township. thousands gather outside of police nation in protest against new laws requiring every african to carry a pass at all times. 30 years on her own, the casseroles, adam, a voice on the man among those liberation heroes was fight to bring freedom and equality to the tip of africa. with the help of this soviet comrades will never be forgotten. thank you so much for your time that i'm of was so maybe if you can just start by telling us how you joined the on struggle and how you ended up in the

soviet union. i. i left all over again. 1963 from fort hair university. i hardly finished anything there. this was a time of extremely political activity. i think there were in francis star. when the news came that the leadership of the african national congress had been under ground, had been arrested in livonia. it was june 11th 1963. 0 it was transfers. we flew out to francis town. no, to doris alarm, and before long will on our flight to moscow to the round winter there. i remember seeing this pupil with the greater army jackets and so on. i so we went for hi,

this visualize training in guerrilla warfare who had trained by soviet officers with participated in the 2nd world war. and just how much of a role it did to the soviet union play in the liberation of many african countries . the soviet union provided and not of financial. i didn't know quite about that, but they said only provided materials support as well as training. as i've been describing africa always helped us, but they have very limited resources, but they made the geographical space available to us. another diplomatic means of support. so the relationship with russia now is not asked island cannot be, i mean they were always the nucleus of the soviet union. that's where the capital

eas. but the, i'm saying that the saddle changed, we no longer needed the kind of support that's the soviet union had given us, but we retained very good relations with them. let's talk about freedom. what do you make of fee? do you think it's something that we can still celebrate to date? oh, absolutely, absolutely. the question does not married? asking the 27th of april because the most important data on the calendar on this all african calendar is no doubt about to pay a huge difference between what happened before 994 and what's happening. we have freedom during africa feet and we could, today's generation pays whole major to the sacrifices and the struggles that made our freedom and democracy possible move. we'll cooney our key to hattiesburg. why

did the soviet union assist african liberation movements? i met with the russian ambassador to south africa who presented the view from moscow. mentioned investor to thank you so much for joining us here on africa now. this month is freedom months. why was the soviet union even interested in being involved in africa? first of all, i should mention that we are interested in african friends. ah, russia not to speak about. soviet union has never colonized any of the people's particular in africa. and we have always treated africans as our friends with potential friends made it. we can imagine the whole continent of friends, and this is wonderful. why did the southern genia and cheese tourist insulation,

newsline se, russian societies vela driven society and in our hearts and our minds. so this notion of support of the newest is much broader. one of them is translated into english, my justice, or a lawfulness or right the service. it includes so many moral aspects in particular . and we feel that if there is a just cause, if we can help assist some people who are oppressed, then we should do it. how did it assist them with what i mean? as far as i know, it was done in many different ways now are to my mind of the aspect of supplying arms. and the training in military skills of training fighters is over emphasized. one of the, from the mental principles of socialist society was know which is strength.

and to her, i think that most importantly, the most significant part of these systems was training of african leaders training of leaders of the liberation woman's. in the different social sciences in south africa did your assistance to the african national congress, the a and c amy and a to in any way from the african community or not on the russian side. not on the russian side. but i know i can feel it to the leaving here that there is some, are the initial from the border community in the pre soviet times, russian and by russian people helped war in particular in their war against the british empire and the 9219 or 2 there was a request from president bulk gruder to emperor nicholas the 2nd

tul, interfering this war on the boresight. formal the request was formerly declined of its are made it clear that he would not oppose some volunteers participating in that for him. his family ties were the king george on the 5th where more important and he so the decline to this request to enter the war formerly. but about $270.00 russian le tears foot in the board ranks. and there was a hospital that was finance completely by the russian imperial court, fully equipped, stuffed, which operated, i think in newcastle. and there was another one that was financed,

$5050.00 with another lens. and tell them there was this elite school for girls stablished in war from then for a border or from girls. and it was financed initially and like the 1917 and by the russian federal court. so many frustrations of this sympathy are fresh and when the board or where abundant the sympathy was, was very strong in the, in the russian public opinion in favor of wars. because the you where oppressed. so in, so many times we felt above the scene with respect to the african population. it was unjust. it wasn't splendid view on this was why many people are felt that we should interfere in that we were doing the right thing. in 1918,

zimbabwe gained its independence from the united kingdom. our correspondent there keith baptist attended the celebrations, despite the feeling among many that western oppression continues until today. zim barbara celebrated is for the fed independence from its former colonial masters britain. we are in hardy, a place that played a vital role in deliberations tiger. zimbabwe obtained its independence on the 18th of april. 1981 for independence is about where, think these the good site and the bedside. our independence obviously came with the benefits that we all see. our people are free to do whatever they want compared to the freedoms that the liberation, heroes, football. but there's also some things that we cannot overlook. for instance, high unemployment rate is a bob way. ah, leslie, among young people, those are things that we will wanted will they loved the independence to come with

also prosperity, because independence without prosperity, without employment in other supporting aspects, tweet or the big compromise. independence means the freedom by us negligible to take ownership of our country, of our resources, but sadly 43 years after independence. we only monday to take the power, but we have not been able to change the systems. we now need to work collectively as in bob, went to ensure that we moved up on the euro centric system that you're still using to date to come up with our own afrocentric system that actually works for us. because the system that we adopted from the smith a breathy, that is why sometimes the very same europeans, i must be and was told to us for special occasions where people of zimbabwe and most importantly, the young generation. those or did not have an experience of deliberation circle.

so very, very positive reflection, because on this particular day we are looking at the road that has been devoted thus far. the road it was independence was bon b. it was not a walk i longer got in but, but we're happy. and for 3 years we continued to be happy. we quoted every step of the, by the independence, of course, most importantly, under the 2nd republic or prison, there must have not got what we have been able to do to the world. and more to particular follows above the true meaning of independence in when is with the prosperity infinite, in ownership, total ownership of what it was, total ownership of borlin, that ownership our server and what happens as to the end of this week. so we hope you enjoyed it. next week we'll see the integration of king charles to the pictures thrown. we will again travel the african continent for reaction from former british colonies. as always, it's a pleasure to receive your feedback. do stay in touch until then for myself in the

team could buy. ah the ah 3 look claims for girls kimmy scott legalize with b as in elephant both both the model she little do you both got nelson's news with a oh coming perform kind of a lot of them, bob. but humor a vis you all,

they need to leave, you knew that because on your mobile with a personal number, you have that with a with mm.

welcome to worlds apart in the here since the ukrainian conflict entered, that's kinetic stage. international relations have changed more than in the decades prior to it. and the most surprising shifts occurred among countries not directly involved in this war. in deciding what stands to take, they had to carefully wave that interest and resources, i guess longer, geopolitical and your.