wow, you get to watch all your favorite stuff. it's to die for. now you won't miss a thing. this is the way. the xfinity 10g network. made for streaming. geoff: good evening. i'm geoff bennett. amna nawaz is on assignment. on the "newshour" tonight. the white house announces the largest expansion of background checks for gun purchases in decades. o.j. simpson -- the star football player and actor who's arrest and trial for murder captivated the nation -- has died of cancer. and the leaders of japan and the philippines meet with president

biden to discuss stepping up security guarantees in asia. >> in both countries these are going to be well received and they signify important progress at a critical moment when china is pressing hard in the region. ♪ major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- ♪ >> moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. ♪

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♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. geoff: welcome to the newshour. the body white house -- the biden white house is issuing a rule designed to close a gap that allows gun buyers to avoid background checks. officials are touting the move to end the so-called "gun-show loophole” one of the most significant steps to crack down on unlicensed dealers in decades. the rule requires background checks on buyers when dealers sell guns at gun shows, flea markets, social media or other places outside of brick-and-mortar stores. attorney general merrick garland today praised the effort. >> under this regulation, it will not matter if guns are sold on the internet, at a gun show, or at a brick and mortar store.

if you sell guns predominantly to earn a profit, you must be licensed and you must conduct background checks. this regulation is a historic step in the justice department's fight against gun violence. it will save lives. geoff: we're joined now by kris brown -- president of brady, the nation's oldest gun violence prevention group. thanks so much for coming in. we appreciate it. gun show sellers and online vendors have been subject to much looser federal regulation from brick-and-mortar stores. how did we arrive at this two tier system and what has been the effect of it? >> the effect is individuals are dying in this country at the hands of killers who have far too easy access to firearms. how did it happen? when the brady law was enacted in 1993, there wasn't this thing called the internet, and gun shows were not big business.

fast forward to today, all these years later, and they are. the way the brady law was worded, it was focused on brick-and-mortar dealers of firearms. as a result of the proliferation you of gun shows and internet sales, estimate show about one in five guns sold today are sold with no background check at all. this new rule, which was issued pursuant to the bipartisan safer communities act -- congress told atf to issue this, and 15 republican senators voted yes on that bill. it says that anyone who is actually in the business of selling firearms anywhere, whether it's at a gun show, whether it's over the internet, has to be a licensed seller. this will increase the safety and efficacy of that system. geoff: so the rule would be in effect in 30 days in the white

house says more that 20,000 individuals involved in unlicensed dealings can be affected by these changes. in real terms, what is the impact of that? >> actually what they are talking about is 20,000 sellers. let's keep in mind that many of these sellers who are selling today at gun shows or on the internet may not be selling one or two or three or four, they may be selling many firearms. what the white house noted in its talking points is these unlicensed sales, studies show the atf has data recently that a huge proportion of the trafficked firearms that are committed in crimes come from these unlicensed sellers. so the lifesaving potential is huge. 20% of firearms, and millions are sold, or now potentially subject to this rule. what is left undone is a

universal background check. we still advocate that, and what would that mean? that means any time you ever do a transfer of a firearm, a background check happens. this rule focuses on the commercial sale. we want to ensure it is a universal check. geoff: gun rights advocates say this will put onerous restrictions on law-abiding citizens and won't actually stop criminals from getting guns. the senior vice president of gun owners of america, this is what he told us today. >> this is a restriction on the cond amendment. it's not going to make people safer. this rule will not stop bad guys from getting weapons, for starters. you don't punish good people or restrict their rights because of what bad guys do. geoff: so what about that? the overwhelming number of criminals rely on illegal purchases, either from the black market or from straw purchases.

>> first of all, 15 members of the united states senate who are republicans, including john cornyn from texas, said that this exact law that was passed, that atf has now adopted here in this regulation struck the right balance and is not infringing on people's second amendment rights. looking at the rule in the details behind it, we have traffickers and sales that are illegal happening today, and the harm that is being meted out is on victims of gun violence who are being killed because we allow people who are felons or domestic abusers to easily access guns through this loophole. today that is being closed and we think a balance to save lives is the right kind of balance to make. geoff: as you mention, the biden

administration found a provision in existing law to do this, basically doing a work around around congress because of congressional republicans and a couple of democrats that have blocked universal background checks. are there any other novel ways you think this administration could push forward gun safety policy? >> i think this administration has gone about as far as you can go without congressional action. i think there are additional things the office of gun violence prevention, which president biden created under the auspice of vice president harris is doing a whole of government approach. for example, thinking through how we procure firearms in this country and making sure that any federal or state agency that is procuring firearms is only purchasing them from dealers who don't have a single crime gun associated with their business. there are many things like that that this administration is looking at and can do, but if we as americans want to ensure that every single gun sale is subject to a background check, we are

going to have to think about this in this next election and make sure we make that a priority, because only that authority can be provided by congress. geoff: thanks so much for your time and your insights. we appreciate it. >> thanks for having me. ♪ vanessa: here are the latest headlines. u.s. intelligence officials told the newshour today they expect iran to launch a retaliatory attack on israel in the coming days. the white house said it's warned iran not to use a suspected israeli airstrike on its consulate in syria as a pretext to escalate tensions in the region. the u.s. also dispatched a top commander to israel to address iran's repeated threats of retaliation. israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu hinted today that he would respond to any attack from

iran with force. >> we are in the middle of the war in gaza. but, we are also preparing for scenarios of challenges from other arenas. we have a simple principle: whoever hurts us, we hurt them. we are preparing to meet israel's security needs both in defense and in attack. vanessa: the white house also said today that it communicated to iran that it was not involved in that strike in damascus that killed a top iranian -- military commander earlier this month. officials in russa say nearly 12,000 homes have been flooded inner region bordering kazakhstan as flood levels rise even further. an usual rush of snowmelt has forced more than 120,000 people from their homes across the region. today, russian president vladimir putin emphasised the

need to rebuild homes -- his first public comments on the floods. ukraine's parliament passed a new mobilization law today to boost its military ranks amid recent russian advances. it aims to limit draft-dogding, in part by requiring men aged 18 to 60 to carry documents showing they've registered with the military. protesters in kyiv today were angry that the law sets no timeline for the demobilization of current troops. >> we're seeing a situation where the government is telling active servicemen to serve forever, since we don't know when the war will be over. frankly, there is no way the war will end soon. our boys and girls in the service are tired. they've been fighting for two years, and no one is planning to replace them. vanessa: meantime ukrainian officials say russian attacks destroyed a major electricity plant near kyiv. other power facilities were also damaged. mali's ruling military junta,

the group that represents journalists rejected the demand and called on reporters to continue working. this comes a day after all political party activities were suspended in the country. federal authorities in california charged shohei ohtani's former interpreter with bank fraud today. they say he stole more than $60 million from the baseball stars bank accounts to pay off his own gambling debts. the u.s. attorney says he is a victim and there is no evidence he was involved. >> our investigation has revealed that due to the position of trustee occupied with mr. ohtani, he had unique access to his finances. he used and abused that position of trust in order to take advantage of mr. ohtani. vanessa: ohtani said last month

he was saddened and shocked to learn that his interpreter and effective manager had been stealing from him. he faces up to 30 years in prison if convicted. a passive of note. a sumo legend has died. in 1993, the 6-foot-8, 500-pound wrestler became the first foreign-born grand champion in japan. his success and high-profile rivalries helped drive a resurgence in the sport. akebono died of heart failure while recieving care in tokyo, where he lived for much of his life. he was 54 years old. still to come, right wing republicans blocked preauthorization of controversial foreign surveillance legislation. also, a look at efforts to develop climate friendly shipping vessels, and his celebrity chefs controversial trademarking of chili crunch raises questions of food origins

and culture. >> this is the "pbs newshour" from weta studios in washington, and in the west, from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. geoff: o.j. simpson, whose murder trial captivated the country died of cancer. the case dominated headlines during the 1990's and was a prime example of people's fascination with celebrity and crime. but the trial was about much more than that, highlighting major fissures in america and one whose legacy is still discussed some decades later. william brangham has more. william: he was a football hall of famer -- one of the greatest running backs of his generation -- who suffered a precipitous fall from grace. o.j. simpson's legacy would forever be tarnished by the 1994 murders of his ex-wife nicole brown simpson and her friend ronald goldman. they were repeatedly stabbed to death at her los angeles home, two years after the simpsons divorced. o.j. simpson was charged in

their killings, after blood was found in his home and on his car. millions of americans sat glued to their televisions watching as simpson fled in a white ford bronco on the southern california freeway. police trailed him for 60 miles. he was eventually arrested and put on trial. the country was similarly riveted by the nine-month-long televised proceedings. transfixed by the grisly details, allegations of domestic violence, and what would become iconic closing arguments. >> if it doesn't fit, you must acquit. william: it would eventually be dubbed the “trial of the century”. >> he was also one helluva great football player. but he's still a murderer. william: the case also further exposed the racism inside the la police force. all along, simpson maintained his innocence, and he was ultimately acquitted.

we find the defendant orenthal james simpson not guilty of the crime of murder. william: two years later, a civil suit filed by the victims' families found simpson liable for their deaths. his assets were seized and he was ordered to pay over $33 million dollars in damages. they were never fully paid. it was all a stark contrast to his younger days, hailed as one of the nation's top athletes. in the 1960s, simpson was a decorated football star -- an all-american at the university of southern california. he was awarded the heisman trophy in 1968. the next year, he was the number one draft pick, taken by the buffalo bills, where he went on to play nine seasons, and was a five-time all-pro. simpson parlayed his fame and trademark charm into a success green, -- successful

career on screen, most famously as the pitchman for hertz rental cars in the 1970s. he went on to act on tv and in movies, like in the late-80's slapstick “the naked gun”. well after the murder trials, simpson had another run-in with the law. he was convicted of armed robbery and other felonies -- and served nine years in prison -- for stealing sports memorabilia in las vegas. he claimed the goods had originally been stolen from him. >> i've done my time. i'd just like to get back to my family and friends and believe it or not i do have some real friends. william: simpson's family said he died wednesday after battling prostate cancer. o.j. simpson was 76 years old. oj simpson's trial and his initial acquittal was a enormous moment of reckoning for many, exposing another stark racial fissure in america. in particular, the chasm between how black and white americans saw the police and the justice system. that trial also underscored glaring issues in how we view domestic violence, interracial marriage, and the growing

culture of media celebrity. dave zirin wrote about all of this in a piece in the nation today titled “oj simpson was a rorschach test for america” and he joins me now. great to see you again on the newshour. you write in your piece, if anyone had illusions that the united states was in fact united, the o.j. simpson trial and subsequent verdict quickly put an end to that. remind us what the country experienced that day, when that not guilty verdict came down. >> i remember it like it was yesterday. that's how powerful it was to the american psyche. what it revealed were set this country could have one common experience, watching this trial, and draw entirely different conclusions from it. it exposed that when it comes to the united states of america, there really is nothing united about it. black people experience the police and justice in one way and white people experience in a

different way. you out of that you get a white opinion that this was one of the great injustices of the 21st century, that someone literally just got away with a double homicide. and in black america, there was an overwhelming belief that he was railroaded and that the entire situation stank so much of racism and tainted testimony that there is no way there should've been a conviction, and so therefore the jury's decision was just. so what it really revealed was that you can have a common experience, but at the end of the day, it is viewed in entirely different ways, based on the color of your skin. william: going back to that issue of how white america saw it, you wrote that oj of being acquitted to many seemed like an example of a rich celebrity being able to buy and assemble his dream team that gets him passed all of this evidence and

gets him acquitted. do you think that is how a lot of people saw that? >> at the time, the discussion about oj's ability to hire this incredible dream team of attorneys led by the legendary johnnie cochran, not to mention people like f lee bailey, barry scheck, people said at the time, this is not justice. even chris rock had a line into standup act that said if oj wasn't a rich celebrity, he would be known as orenthal, the white ladykiller. it was a stark statement, but something that was widely seen in the culture that, if oj is found innocent, it will be because he hired the best. william: for so many black americans, this happening in los angeles, coming a couple of

years after rodney king and all the revelations of racism in the l.a. police department, just seem like as you are saying the culmination, the sort of apex of racial animosity toward black people. >> absolutely. and the former police chief by 1995, there was a very militarized approach to policing and what were called antigang initiatives in the black community. that led to a great deal of violence and a great deal of mistrust. which is why after the rodney king beating, nobody in l.a. really saw it as just a rodney king story, but emblematic of how black and brown people were treated by the police department. and that's just in 1992. so the city is actually still rebuilding by 1994 when the trial was. so it's not like some distant memory, it was part of a continuum are many people of a racist and out-of-control police department.

then there were revelations in the trial of legitimate police misconduct, in not only sealed the deal for a lot of people who thought to themselves, i'm not sure if oj simpson can get a fair trial in the city and county of los angeles. william: it is ironic in a way that oj simpson was the vehicle through which we start to see this in a sharpest form. because all throughout his career he steadfastly refused to talk about what it was like to be a black man in america. >> he position himself commercially as someone who would be different from civil-rights figures, at the intersection of sports in black politics. people like jim brown, for example. o.j. simpson is not going to be that. he is not someone who raised a fist on the medal stand at a ceremony. like he like to say to reporters, very famously, i'm not black, i'm oj.

it meant there was a great distance between o.j. simpson and the black community, but as was said quite often 1995 when oj was arrested and put on trial, that was when he and a lot of other people discovered that he was, in fact, a black man in the united states. william: always great to talk to you. thanks so much for talking to us. >> thank you for having me. ♪ geoff: today president biden hosted the leaders of japan and the philippines, and sent a strong message of unity to beijing. nick schifrin has been following these developments and joins us now. nick: geoff, the administration calls it the us' greatest strength: a network of alliances and partnerships. the us' oldest ally in asia is the philippines, and today the relationship is expanding, in direct response to actions by china.

with a camera and water cannon, the chinese coast guard takes direct aim at a philippine supply ship. for weeks beijing's boats have harassed, and even bumped, philippine boats trying to resupply a philippine ship purposely grounded two decades ago, inside the philippines' exclusive economic zone. the us calls these actions “unlawful” and “coercive,” and has recommitted to defending its treaty ally, including today at the white house. >> any attack on philippine aircraft, vessels, or armed forces in the south china sea, would invoke our mutual defense treaty. nick: this was the first ever trilateral summit between the leaders of the us, philippines, and japan. philippines president ferdinand marcos jr. >> today's summit is an opportunity to define the future that we want, and how we intend to achieve it, together. nick: japanese prime minister fumio kishida. >> japan, the us, and philippines are maritime nations connected by the pacific ocean and are natural partners.

nick: this week the three countries, along with australia, conducted their first ever joint naval drills. and yesterday the us and japan announced their most significant military cooperation upgrade in decades. it's an effort to deter china by creating an arc of military alliances willing to confront beijing, together. the us already agreed with japan and the philippines to expand us presence on islands that are closer to taiwan than they are to the capitals, manila and tokyo. >> china's current external stance and military actions present unprecedented and the greatest strategic challenge. >> we are deeply concerned about the ongoing trade war. nick: the philippines agreements continue to reverse the deterioration of bilateral relations under former president rodrigo duterte. and they embrace a legacy of cooperation under ferdinand marcos senior, whose 66-year-old son today is trying to fortify

his nation against beijing. >> facing the complex challenges of our time requires concerted efforts on everyone's part, a dedication to a common purpose, and an unwavering commitment to the rules based international order. nick: today's announcements also included the first asian infrastructure investment from a new us-backed initiative, designed to counter china's belt and road investments. to discuss this more i'm joined by zack cooper, senior fellow at the washington based think tank, the american enterprise institute. thanks so much, welcome back to the newshour. how significant are announcements we heard, not only today from the u.s. and the philippines, but yesterday from the u.s. and japan? >> these are huge announcements. both countries, the united states is making real progress. the u.s. and japan are announcing 70 initiatives.

but in my mind, the most important efforts for the u.s. and japan to cooperate together on development, building new systems together, but also advancing our command and control facilities, ensuring that we can fight together more effectively if we end up with a contingency, especially one with china. in the philippines you've got a raft of announcements mostly focused on development in the philippines, which is critical for people there, and also on corrupt -- cooperating with manila and the south china sea. they signify important progress at a critical moment when china is pressing hard in the region. nick: when it comes to what the u.s. gains from this militarily, what does this allow the u.s. military to have in the region that it didn't have a few years ago? >> at the moment, in the next couple of months, probably nothing.

but over the long-term, these are the foundational agreements that will allow the u.s. to be much more effective and how it cooperates both with the philippines and japan. you have to have support from the people in the philippines. we did have that for part of our history, especially if you look back at the 1990's, and these economic deals are going to have to show that the united states and others can bring real development to the philippines alongside american forces that will help to protect philippine interest. in japan, we're seeing the united states really build out its infrastructure. not just the people and the places that we are operating from, but also the command infrastructure to make sure if we are in a crisis we can work closely with our japanese allies. so it probably won't result in major changes today or tomorrow, but next year and years to come, these will be really important moose. -- moves.

nick: those chinese actions that the coast guard has taken in the soh china sea, u.s. officials are worried this cou become a crisis. do you believe this could become a real u.s.-china crisis? >> i do. if you look back at the recent crises we've had, the second thomas shoal has been among -- among the most problematic. there are different views about what the status quo is and it is incredibly important to the united states because the u.s. has a mutual defense treaty with the philippines which specifies that an armed attack on a filipino vessel would call into the u.s. treaty alliance guaranteed. we have gotten really close to this in recent months. with china using water cannons against philippine ships, with ramming's happening almost on a weekly basis, these are very, very serious events in your

seeing the buying team step up -- and you are seeing the biden team step up and say we can accept his level of risk forever. that's why they are moving now to tie them more closely together and trying to do it with other countries like japan and australia. nick: i mentioned before the economic investments as part of today's announcement, given the military problems we've been discussing, has u.s.-made as much economic progress in the region? >> the short answer is no. we have polling data out recently that shows most countries in the region have been more convinced over the last year that the u.s. is using -- losing the level of economic engagement they want to see, the economic efforts by the biden team, the indo pacific economic framework have fallen flat in much of southeast asia. this is probably the missing leg of the u.s. strategy in the region. the u.s. is doing better in the philippines than the rest of

southeast asia that there is a huge amount of work to do for the biden team to convinced southeast asian leaders and experts that the u.s. will be there for the long haul and then the u.s. is going to continue to invest in the region the way it has for so long. nick: biden administration officials say they trying to institutionalize days like today, some inset or bilateral or trilateral. how much do we know if donald trump would maintain these arrangements if he were to become president again? >> i think it really depends on the institution were talking about. a group like the quad, that seems to be likely to be supported. i think some of these other trilateral's, especially if they involve countries that trump isn't particularly supportive

of, those could be harder. i think in asia, the logic of these many lateral arrangements is quite clear. i would hope that the trump administration come as a did the first time, would maintain if trump is elected in november. nick: thanks very much. ♪ geoff: republican infighting continues on capitol hill as house speaker mike johnson tries to rally his conference into passing a consequential intelligence bill before the weekend. a faction of house republicans have blocked the reauthorization of the foreign intelligence surveillance act, known as fisa, a federal law that allows intelligence officials to spy on communications of foreign nationals. let's bring in our congressional

correspondent lisa desjardins. always great to see you. where do things stand in this major intelligence program? lisa: our intelligence agency say this is one of the things that keep america posted. 19 republicans blocked a version of this and there have been talks back-and-forth of day trying to figure out what is going on. there is a sort of gentlemen's agreement to have a do over. the process we need to start tonight, but they haven't actually begun yet. there could be a vote on a new bill tomorrow. i want to remind people what exactly this bill is and why we are talking about it. it allows intelligence agencies to collect the communications of non-american suspects overseas. this must be approved each time by a fisa court. as they do this, if they also encounter communications with americans, they can use those

communications. the fbi does use them. the problem that some of these members have, they think that something is unfettered and we know there have been hundreds of thousands of times this has been used for americans. quick said helps explain why the debate is so critical and yet so difficult. visit: one fact was given today that astounded me. 60%, all the information going into the presidential daily briefing, the highest level intelligence briefing, 60% comes from this program. in addition to that, we know that this is something that agents in the intelligence divisions are finding great alarm at if it actually expires. this has prevented several terrorist attacks. one thing people should know about -- also captured terrorists. one example, the number two in al qaeda. he is someone connected to the 9/11 attacks. a drone strike took him out in 2022 because of this program.

also connected with the bombings on the uss cole. 17 seamen died in that in 2000. it's not just about terrorists, either. this exact program is something that sniffed out the hackers who took down the colonial pipeline blocked it for a bit of time. and also retrieved the millions in ransom. those who support this, special national security repugnance, safer all the problems congress has had, that this is actually one of the most dangerous areas that they see a problem with. geoff: what is the donald trump factor in this? he is urging republicans to vote against reauthorizing fisa. lisa: that's right. donald trump tweeted out last night or two nights ago simply, he wanted to kill the fisa bill. he went on to say something else

in that tweet. he said it was illegally used against him. that is not true. in fact, the program that was used against trump as he is claiming is a different part of fisa. there were wiretaps against carter page that we talked about before. that is not the same as section 702. let's look at what then-president trump tweeted about section 702 in 2018. he wrote, this is not the same fisa law that was so wrongly abused during the election. why am i raising this? when he sent that out in the middle of the night two nights ago it absolutely affected the way republicans voted and absolutely affected them taking down this national security program. we talked about president trump's influence so often but here he is blocking and national security program. whatever you think of it using false information. geoff: what happens next? lisa: now we have to see exactly what is happening tonight. if the house rules committee does meet. if they do move forward. i want to talk about the different members of congress who have problems with this.

those members concerned about it, national security republicans, they say take away the shutdowns and the other issues, that this is a far more dangerous place to be. >> there is a lot of antics up here. i am usually not concerned. the world will keep turning. america will keep being awesome. shut down the government, ok. it is not the end of the world. let's be honest. but you lose our collection on our adversaries, that is one of the most seriously bad things i can think of happening. i have never been worried like i am worried now. lisa: and congressman crenshaw is not prone to hyperbole. he doesn't say things like that usually. on the other side we have republicans who say the original version of the bill that they opposed and they feel they did not get the chance to change went too far and did not have enough protections for americans. >> this reauthorization is not reform. it is not currently reform.

it might be reform depending on the amendments available, but we already know the one that protects your data from being bought by the fbi is not going to be allowed. somebody has to stand up for the constitution and the rights of the american people. you and if i cannot do anything else here in this house of representatives, you can count me for standing up to that. lisa: house republicans are unique in the way that process in the house is policy. and those 19 republicans talking to me say they have a real problem with the process, and what they're trying to work out behind the scenes with speaker johnson. however, even if they move forward at the fastest speed, there is a problem in timing. because now the senate would have to pass a bill that changes tonight. what is going on next week, potential impeachment in the senate, and potential motion to vacate. also, ukraine, the funding could get caught up in this timing. geoff: all right. lisa desjardins, thanks as always. lisa: you're welcome.

geoff: is a revelation in commercial shipping about to take place? 80% of all international trade is carried by seat with substantial carbon emissions. a british company is predicting that by 2026, half of all new ships will have high tech sales. here is malcolm brabant. >> a stiff breeze in the southern atlantic provides optimum conditions for this pioneering ship carrying 200,000 tons of iron ore from brazil to china. it is fitted with so-called wind wings, able to maintain speed are reducing dependency on wind power -- on engine power. >> in my 15 years as a ship captain, i've never been more excited. >> he skippers the berg olympus.

just as aircraft wings create lift, these devices create thrust when installed vertically and automatically adjust to wind speed. >> i firmly believe our collective efforts can significantly reduce carbon emissions from ships, and eventually realize our goal of zero carbon shipping. >> i think this is an all hands on deck moment. it is a critical point and we all need to really pursue the war against climate change. >> the shipowner is so impressed, he intends to requip much of his 85 strong fleet. >> we are looking at in good conditions around seven tons of fuel we save every day. that is around 20 tons of carbon dioxide. so we are hoping to remove nearly 5000 tons of co2 per annum using these wings on board one of our large ships. >> what sort of percentage of

saving is that in terms of carbon for the voyages of that ship? >> around 15% to 20%, we hope to say. downwind for one final leg. >> this was the inspiration for what may be a wind revolution. britain's boat in the 2017 america's cup. >> i have been a sailor all my life. i love being on the water. it is a great sense of freedom, really, to be powered by the wind. and it's really amazing that this wind technology can now use the power of mother nature, the power of the wind to drive commercial shipping into the future. >> we met him building this year's boat. are they wings or sails? >> they are definitely wings. if you think of the old clipper ships from centuries ago, these are solid wings going on these modern-day ships that are really generating a huge amount of thrust.

they are impressive as a technology. >> shipping accounts for 3% of all the world's co2 emissions. older vessels can sometimes be five times dirtier than newer ones. there has been a warning from the international maritime organization that unless stringent measures are taken, shipping emissions can rise by 50% over the next one to five -- 25 years. this ferry to the isle of wight off the south coast of england is part of a necessary change. >> it is 20% less than a conventional vessel. >> his company operates a britain's first hybrid ferry as part of his green commitment. not all vessels are suitable for wind power. >> she has electric motors, driving propellers, batteries, and diesel generators. >> what is the advantage of that? >> diesel generators can operate

very efficiently. you they pump up the batteries gradually and the batteries to all the hard work. >> some of these climate change innovators are based in portsmouth, home to hms warrior, the combined wind and steam power nearly two centuries ago. >> presenting the wing to a potential customer. >> the chief executive leads a team working to convince owners of conventional cargo vessels like these that they should be sprouting wings. he says they should pay for themselves in six years. >> we want to employ wind wings on as many as the fleet because the biggest saving in carbon is not actually building new ships. >> at present only two vessels are using this system. the other is a singapore-based carrier. the third has just been ordered. >> two years time up to 50% of tankers will be ordered with some sort of wind proportion and we aim to dominate that market. >> how can you be so confident

it will be this big? >> the results. they can't be ignored. >> this yacht designer is developing a rival system, which it claims will be even greener when it is ready in two years. besides clusters of three wings, solar panels power an electric generator, clean exhaust gases drive propellers. >> with heat recovery we achieve true zero. basically no co2 and no black soot. the exhaust coming out of the back of the vessel is actually breathable. >> after leaving the european union, the british government pledged to turn the country into an economic powerhouse. but these british climate change trail blazers -- trail blazers are struggling for support. the wind wings are being built in spain and china as a result. >> i would love to build them in the u.k. there are some hurdles. the big thing the u.k. government needs to think about is import duties on some of these materials.

here is another chance to bring wind powered technology to the u.k. and i hope we don't squander it. >> the ferry company would like to upgrade to all electric vessels that is proving impossible. >> the u.k. grid is not designed for what needs to do, which is deliver power to us and to our businesses around the country in the way we now need. like many businesses, we are clamoring for connections but not being given any clarity as to when that will be. >> on our return journey, we had to make way for the prince of wales. a $4 billion aircraft carrier which has been an object of derision in britain after being plagued by breakdowns, including a driveshaft problem. so is it possible to fit warships with sails? >> yes, of course. we can fit a wind wing to the aircraft carriers. but actually i don't think it is that practical. the aircraft carriers actually do have a service speed of 30 knots, and that would be quite fast for this wind power technology. we would love to. i think it would be more of a

publicity stunt than reality, but we would certainly pick up the phone to the navy. that is for sure. >> warships aside, the future is looking bright, as shipping turns back to the future. ♪ geoff: a hot debate over the ownership of a spicy asian condiment has sent social media in a frenzy over food culture heritage and business. we are talking about the trademark battle david chang has been spearheading to protect his brand. he is the celebrity chef and founder of the momo fugu restaurant group, and the backlash against what many call a bullying tactic has been swift. stephanie sy has more.

stephanie: whatever you call it, chili crisp, chili crunch, this has been the staple in kitchens for many generations. including my own. david chang's momo fugu chilly crunch is a relatively new player, introduced in store shelves a few years ago. however his company acquired the trademark for the name chili crunch. which means other brands that use the name can be found liable for trademark violations. some makers have received cease-and-desist letters. for more on this sizzling topic, i'm joined by james park, who has written a whole cookbook featuring chili crisp. i apologize for all the puns that will come out. describe the reaction you have been seeing. is it fair to say there is an uproar? >> absolutely. this has been quite a hot topic the past three days. the backlash has been quite intense. the community has been a little bit disappointed and hurt by

this action. momo fuku has been a pioneer and leader of this asian food and product in the ever going chili crisp category and market. because he is going after smaller makers that are often operated by just one or a few people and they are calling it a trademark bully because -- they are targeting smaller people who don't have a team to fight against this action. stephanie: what impacts are the makers of chili crisp worried about? are they worried momo fuku chili crunch will gain too much market share? are they worried they will be put out of business if they have to change their names or fight a legal fight? >> i think it is a little bit of both. i think they are worried about one brand dominating the market because they have all the money and lawyers. but also the small makers are feeling a little bit discouraged

and intimidated to go against a big company because their business could be out of action. they are worried about not having the creative freedom to describe the product they are really excited. naming a product can be crucial for the marketing and introduction to the category. stephanie: for people who don't use chili crisp, and you are the expert, what is a western equivalent that can illustrate what a pantry staple this is in asian kitchens? >> it is such an important pantry staple, especially in my kitchen and many asian americans. think of it more of a hot sauce and sriacha. it is really versatile. even though it started as a condiment there used more nowadays as part of cooking and marinade and seasoning. in my cookbook there are so many recipes really changing the

ideas of chili crisp can be so much more than just a finishing condiment. and it is an easy way to add spice, flavors, and textures that is different from hot sauces. it is really unique and very important in many asian cultures and flavors. stephanie: some might say it be like trademarking mustard or ketchup. but momo fuku, david chang, they do own the trademark. they have every right, one would say, to enforce their trademark especially since larger companies like trader joe's have created a very similar condiment. why is david chang not given any allowance by his critics? james: it would have been a very different story if they want for much larger businesses. but the reason why the company is getting so much of a bad backlash is because the community felt this level of betrayal from him and his company. they were creating a path for other asian entrepreneurs to

create a product that is getting more popular. and seeing someone that has already targeted their own community rather than cultivating and trying to uplift this market is feeling more of a negative and betrayal feeling. stephanie: i did some research and chang's company did purchase the rights from a company called chili colonial already owned the name chili crunch. some might say now at least an asian chef owns it. do you have any thoughts on that? james: yeah. chili crunch, that brand also started as a mexican brand. it is not only just in asian product. it also exists in mexican cuisine. it is another evidence shows how universal this condiment is and

it should never be really capitalized or dominated by one brand. stephanie: what is this food fight and the ability to trademark a phrase as general and multicultural, you say, as chili crunch portends for other corporate battles? james: if a general descriptive term like this gets approved, it it opens up a dangerous pandora's box of brands and people try to claim their other culture products. there has been enough awareness and cultural movement about creating that product. it doesn't have to work as a way to protect the term. i know that based on this, other terms like italian chili crisp is also pending for trademark. if this action gets approved,

who knows whether there will be other fights for korean chili crisp, or filipino chili crisp. and something that should be used to celebrate a culture is turning into a battle of who can acquire a term that will make more money. it is not a way to celebrate this marginalized community product people are creating for passion and love. stephanie: james park, author of the cookbook chili crisp, thank you so much for joining us. james: thank you for having me. ♪ geoff: and as always, there is a lot more online including a look at how some librarians have been fighting back in the face of book bans across the country. that is at pbs.org/newshour. and join us again here tomorrow night, as we weigh in on the week's political headlines.

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