geoff: good evening. i'm geoff bennett. tonight, the white house announces the largest expansion of background checks for gun purchases in decades. o.j. simpson, the star football player and actor whose arrest and trial for murder captivated the nation, has died of cancer. and the leaders of japan and the

philippines meet with president biden to discuss stepping up security guarantees in asia. >> in both countries these are going to be well received. they signify important process -- progress at a critical moment when china is pressing hard in the region. ♪ >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by. ♪ >> moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf. the engine that connects us.

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this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. geoff: welcome to the "newshour ." the biden white house is issuing a rule designed to close a gap that allows gun buyers to avoid background checks. officials are touting the move to end the so-called gun show loophole, one of the most significant steps to crackdown on unlicensed dealers in decades. the rule requires background checks on buyers when dealers sell guns at gun shows, flea markets, social media, or other places outside of brick-and-mortar stores. attorney general merrick garland today praised the effort. >> under this regulation, it will not matter if guns are sold on the internet, at a gun show,

or at a brick-and-mortar store. if you sell guns predominantly to earn a profit, you must be licensed, and you must conduct background checks. this regulation is a historic step in the justice department's fight against gun violence. it will save lives. geoff: we are joined now by president of the nation's oldest gun violence prevention group. thank you so much for coming. gun show sellers and online vendors have been subject to much looser federal regulation than vendors who sell from brick-and-mortar stores. how did we arrive at this two-tiered system, and what has been the effect of it? >> the effect is individuals who are dying in this country at the hands of killers who have far too easy access to firearms. how did it happen? when the brady law was enacted in 1993 there was not this thing we call the internet.

and gun shows were not big business. fast forward to today, all of these light years later, and they are. the way the brady law was worded was really focused on brick-and-mortar dealers of firearms. as a result of the proliferation of gun shows and internet sales, estimates show about one in five guns sold today are sold with no background check at all. this new rule, which was issued pursuant to the bipartisan safer communities act. congress told atf to issue this rule. they did not. do it for nothing. 15 republican senators voted yes on that bill. it says that anyone who is actually in the business of selling firearms, anywhere, whether it is at a gun show, whether it is over the internet, has to be a licensed seller. this will significantly increase the safety and efficacy of the brady background check system. geoff: so this rule will be in

effect in 30 days. the white house is more than 20,000 individuals could be affected by the changes. in real terms, what is the impact of that? kris: actually, what they are talking about is 20,000 sellers. so let's keep in mind many of these settlers who are selling today at gun shows or on the internet may not be selling one or two or three or four. they may be selling many firearms. in fact what the white house noted in its talking points is these unlicensed sales, studies show and atf has data recently, a huge proportion of the traffic firearms that we find committed in crimes come from these unlicensed sellers. so the lifesaving potential is huge. again, one in five guns sold today, 20% of firearms, and millions are sold, are now

potentially subject to this rule. what is left undone is a universal background checks. we still advocate that. what would that mean? that means any time you ever do a transfer of a firearm, a background check happens. this focuses on the commercial sale. we want to ensure it is a universal check. geoff: gun rights advocates say this rule and expanded background checks will put owners restrictions on law-abiding citizens and will not stop criminals from getting guns. here is what the senior vice president of gun owners of america told us earlier today. >> this is a restriction on the second amendment. it is not going to make people safer. this rule will not stop bad guys forgetting weapons. you don't punish good people or restrict their rights because of what bad guys do. geoff: so what about that? that the overwhelming number of criminals rely on illegal purchases either from the black-market or from straw purchases? kris: first of all, 15 members

of the united states senate who are republicans, including john cornyn from texas, said that this exact law that was passed, that atf has now adopted, struck the right balance and is not infringing on peoples second amendment rights. so i would push back to anyone's second amendment rights are infringed upon. looking at the rule and the details behind it, we have traffickers and sales that are illegal happening today. and the harm that is being meted out is on victims of gun violence who are being killed because we allow people who are felons or are domestic abusers to easily access guns through this loophole. today that is being closed. and we think the balancing to save lives is the right kind of balance. geoff: the biden administration found a provision in existing

law to get this rule done. basically doing a work around around congress, because congressional republicans in a couple of democrats have blocked universal background checks. are there any other novel ways you think this administration could push forward gun safety policy? kris: look, i think this administration has gone about as far as you can go without congressional action. i think there are additional things the office of gun violence prevention, which president biden created under the auspice of vice president harris, is doing a whole of government approach. for example, thinking through how we procure firearms in this country in making sure that any federal or state agency that is procuring firearms is only purchasing them from dealers who don't have a single crime gun associated with their business. there are many things like that that this administration is looking at and it can do. but if we as americans want to ensure that every single gun

sale is subject to a background check, we're going to have to think about this in this next election and make sure we make that a priority. because only that per forward -- that authority can be provided by congress. geoff: kris brown, thank you so much for your time and your insights. kris: thank you. thanks for having me. ♪ geoff: in the day's other headlines, the white house today warned iran not to use a suspected israeli airstrike on its consulate in syria as a pretext to escalate tensions and the reason -- in the region. the u.s. also dispatched a military commander to israel. israeli prime minister benjamin netanyahu hinted today he would respond to any attack from iran with force. >> we're in the middle of the war in gaza, but we are also preparing for scenarios and

challenges from other arenas. we have a simple principle. whoever hurts us, we hurt them. we're preparing to meet israel's security needs both in defense and attack. geoff: the white house also said today that it communicated to iran that it was not involved in that strike in damascus that killed a top iranian military commander earlier this month. severe weather made its way up through the southeast today. at last check, more than 100,000 customers were left without power. the storms already hammered the south and gulf coasts. crews survey the damage outside new orleans, which was hit with eight inches of rain. tornadoes also tore businesses to shreds in the houston area. the weather also delayed the start of the masters golf tournament in augusta. officials in russia say nearly 12,000 homes have been flooded in a region bordering kazakhstan, as floodwater levels rise even further. in orenburg, rooftops are barely holding above the waterline.

an unusual rush of snowmelt has forced more than 120,000 people from their homes across the region. today, russian president vladimir putin emphasized the need to rebuild homes, his first public comments on the floods. ukraine's parliament passed a new mobilization law today to boost its military ranks amid recent russian advances. it aims to limit draft dodging in part by requiring men between the ages of 18 and 60 to carry documents showing the registered with the military. protesters in kyiv today were angry that the law sets no timeline for the de-mobilization of current troops. >> we're seeing a situation where the government is telling active service meant to serve forever, since we don't know when the war will be over. frankly, there is no way they were will end soon. our boys and girls in the service are tired. they have been fighting for two years and no one is coming to replace them. geoff: ukrainian officials say russian attacks destroyed imager electricity plant near kyiv.

other power facilities were also damaged. federal authorities in california charged shohei ohtani's former interpreter would bankrupt today. they say he stole more than $16 million from the baseball star's bank accounts to pay off his own gambling debts. the u.s. attorney says otani is a victim and there is no evidence he was involved. >> our investigation has revealed that due to the position of trustee occupied with mr. otani, he had unique access to his finances. he used and abused that position of trust in order to take advantage of mr. otani. geoff: he said last month he was saddened and shocked to learn his interpreter and de facto manager had been stealing from him. he faces up to 30 years in prison if convicted. wall street digested another reading on inflation today. this time wholesale prices which

rose again last month. the dow jones industrial average closed virtually flat at 38,459. the nasdaq added 271. the s&p 500 takced on 38. a passing of note. sumo legend taro has died. in 1993, the 6'8" wrestler became the first foreign-born grand champion in japan. the success and high-profile rivalries helped drive a resurgence in the sport. he died of heart failure while receiving care in tokyo, where he lived for much of his life. he was 54 years old. still to come, right wing republicans block reauthorization of controversial foreign surveillance legislation. a look at efforts to develop climate-friendly shipping vessels. and a celebrity chef's controversial trademarking of chile crunch raises questions about food origins and culture.

>> this is the "pbs newshour" from weta studios in washington and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. geoff: o.j. simpson, whose murder trial captivated international attention for months, died yesterday of cancer. his case dominated headlines during the 1990's it was a prime example of people's fascination with celebrity and crime. but the trial was about much more than that, highlighting major fissures in america. william brangham has our look. william: he was a football hall of famer. one of the greatest running backs of his generation. who suffered a precipitous fall from grace. o.j. simpson's legacy would forever be tarnished by the 1994 murders of his ex-wife, nicole brown simpson, and her friend ronald goldman. they were repeatedly stabbed to death at her los angeles home, two years after the simpson's

divorced. o.j. simpson was charged in their killings after blood was found in his home and on his car. millions of americans sat glkued to the televisions, watching as simpson fled in a white ford bronco on the southern california freeway. police trailed him for 60 miles. he was eventually arrested and put on trial. the country was similarly riveted by the nine month long televised proceedings. transfixed by the grisly details, allegations of domestic violence, and what would become iconic closing arguments. >> if it doesn't fit, you must acquit. william: it would eventually be dubbed the trial of the century. >> he was one helluva football player. but he is still a murderer. william: the case also further exposed the racism inside the l.a. police force. all along simpson maintained his innocence and was ultimately acquitted. >> we the jury found the

defendant not guilty of the crime of murder in violation of penal code 187. william: two years later a civil suit filed by the victim's families found simpson liable for their deaths. his assets were seized and he was ordered to pay over $33 million in damages. they were never fully paid. it was all a stark contrast to his younger days. hailed as one of the nation's top athletes. in the 1960's, simpson was a decorated football star, an all-american at the university of southern california. he was awarded the heisman trophy in 1968, and the next year he was the number one draft pick, taken by the buffalo bills where he went on to play nine seasons and was a five time all-pro. simpson parlayed his fame and trademark charm into a successful career on screen. most famously as the pitch man for hertz rental cars in the 1970's.

he went on to act on tv and in movies, like any late 1980's slapstick, the naked gun. well after the murder trials, simpson had another run with the law. he was convicted of armed robbery and other phonies, and served nine years in prison for stealing sports memorabilia in las vegas. he claimed the goods had been originally stolen from him. >> i would just like to get back to my family and friends. believe it or not, i do have some real friends. william: simpson's family said he died wednesday after battling prostate cancer. o.j. simpson was 76 years old. o.j. simpson's trial and initial acquittal was an enormous moment of reckoning for many. exposing another start rasul -- racial fisher in america. in particular the chasm between how black and white americans saw the police and the justice system. the trial also underscored glaring issues and how we viewed

domestic violence, interracial marriott -- marriage. o.j. simpson was a worse check test for america, and he joins us now. great to see you again. you write, if anyone had allusions that the united states was in fact united, the o.j. simpson trial and subsequent verdict quickly put an end to that. remind us with the country experienced that day when that not guilty verdict came down. >> wow. i remember it like it was yesterday. that is how powerful a moment in was in the american psyche. and what it revealed is that the country could have one common experience, watching this trial, and draw entirely different conclusions from it. and it exposed when it comes to the united states of america, there really is nothing united about it.

white people experience one-way and black people experience another way. out of that you get a white opinion out of the o.j. simpson verdict that this was one of the great injustices of the 20th century, that someone just got away literally with a double homicide. then on the other side in black america there was an overwhelming belief that the police were corrupt, that it o.j. simpson was railroaded, and that the entire situation stank so much of racism that there is no waiter should have been a conviction. therefore the jury decision was just. what really revealed was you can have a common experience, but at the end of the day it is viewed in entirely different ways faced upon the color of your skin. william: going back to the issue of how a lot of white americans saw it, you write how oj being acquitted, to many, seemed like this is an example of a rich celebrity being able to buy an assembled this dream team that gets him passed all of this

evidence gets him acquitted. do you think that is how a lot of people saw that? dave: at the time the discussion about oj's ability to hire this incredible dream team of attorneys led by the legendary johnnie cochran, not to mention people like f leigh bailey, barry scheck, a group of people who everybody knew in legal circles coming together, people said at the time -- a lot of people, this is not justice. even chris rock had a line in his standup act that if oj was not a rich celebrity with his juries, he would be known as oren the white ladykiller. that was a stark statement. but it was something widely seen in the culture. wow, if oj is found innocent it is because he hired the best money can buy. william: as you also document, for so many black americans, this happening in los angeles, coming a couple years after

rodney king and all the revelations of racism in the l.a. police department, just seemed like the culmination, the apex of racial animosity towards black people. dave: absolutely. the former police by 1995, darrell gates, there was a very militarized approach to policing in what were called anti-gang initiatives in the black community. that led to a great deal of violence and distrust. which is why after the rodney king beating, nobody in l.a. saw it as just a rodney king story but as emblematic of how black people and brown people were treated by darrell gates's police department. and that is just in 1992. so the city is still actually rebuilding by 1994 when the trial begins. and so it is not like it is some distant memory. it was part of a continuum for many people of a racist and out-of-control police department.

and then when there were revelations in the trial of legitimate police misconduct, that only sealed the deal for a lot of folks who thought to themselves, i am not sure if o.j. simpson can get a fair trial in the city and county of los angeles. william: this all comes as you also write that it is ironic in a way that o.j. simpson was the vehicle through which we start to even see this in its sharpest form. all throughout his career, he -- dave: yes, oj consciously positioned himself commercially as someone who would be different from civil rights figures at the intersection of sports and black politics. people like jim brown, for example. o.j. simpson was not going to be that. he was not going to be someone who raised a fist on the medal stand in any ceremony. he was going to be o.j. simpson. like t like to say to reporters very famously, i am not black, i am oj. positiong -- positioning himself

that way commercially met it was a great difference between o.j. simpson and the black community. but as was set quite often in 1995 when oj was put on trial, that is when he and a lot of other people discovered he was in fact a black man in the u.s. william:, dave zirin, always great to talk to you. dave: thank you for having me. ♪ geoff: today, president biden host of the leaders of japan in the philippines and sent a strong message of unity to beijing. nick schifrin has been following the developments and joins me now. nick: the administration calls it the u.s.'s greatest strength, an alliance. our oldest ally in asia the philippines and today we are expanding in direct response to china.

with the camera and water can in the chinese coast guard takes direct aim at a philippines supply ship. for weeks beijing's boats have arrest and even bumped philippine boats trying to resupply a philippines ship purposefully grounded two decades ago inside the philippines exclusive economic zone. the u.s. because these actions unlawful and coercive, and has recommitted to defending its treaty ally including today at the white house. >> any attack on philippine aircraft, vessels, or armed forces in the south china sea would invoke our mutual defense treaty. nick: this was the first ever trilateral summit between the leaders of the u.s., philippines, and japan. the philippines president ferdinand marcos, jr. >> this is an opportunity to define the future we want and how we intend to achieve it together. nick: japanese prime minister fumio kishida. >> japan, the u.s., and the philippines are maritime nations connected by the pacific ocean

and are natural partners. nick: this week the three countries along with australia conducted their first ever joint naval drills. yesterday, the u.s. and japan announced their most and if it military cooperation upgrade in decades. it's an effort to deter china by creating an arc of military alliances willing to confront beijing together. the u.s. had already agreed with japan and the philippines to expand u.s. presence on islands closer to taiwan than they are to the capitals manila and tokyo. >> china's current stance and military actions present unprecedented in the greatest strategic challenge. >> we are deeply concerned about the ongoing trade war. nick: it continues to reverse the bilateral relations under the former president and embrace legacy of cooperation under ferdinand marcos senior, whose

66 her old son today is trying to fortify his nation against beijing. >> beijing is -- a dedication to a common purpose and unwavering commitment to the rules-based international order. nick: today's announcements also included the first philippines infrastructure investment designed to counter china's belt and road investments. to discuss this more i am joined i senior fellow at the washington-based think tank, the american enterprise institute. thank you so much. how significant are the announcements that we heard not only today from the u.s. in the philippines, but yesterday from the u.s. and japan? >> these are huge announcements. both countries the united states is making real progress. the u.s. and japan are announcing 70 initiatives. but in my mind the most

important our efforts to make sure the u.s. and japan can cooperate together on both capability development. so, this is building new systems together, maintaining them together, but also advancing our command and control facilities, ensuring that we can fight together more effectively if we end up in a contingency, especially one with china. in the philippines you have a raft of announcements mostly focused on developments in the philippines, which is critical for people there. also on cooperating more closely with manila on the south china sea. in both countries these are going to be well received and are real important progress. they signify important progress at a critical moment when china is pressing hard in the region. nick: when it comes to what the u.s. gains from this militarily, what does this allow the u.s. military to have in the region that it did not have a few years ago? zack: at the moment in the next couple of months, probably nothing.

but over the long-term these are the foundational agreements that will allow the united states to be much more effective in how it operates in both the philippines and japan. in the philippines, we have learned the u.s. has to have a sustainable presence, which means we have to have support from the people in the philippines. we did not have that for part of our history, especially back any 1990's. these economic deals are going to have to show that the united states and others can bring real development to the philippines alongside american forces that will help to protect philippine interests. in japan, we are seeing the u.s. really build out its infrastructure. not just the people and the places we are operating from, but also the command infrastructure to make sure if we are in a crisis we can work mostly with our japanese allies. this probably will not result in major changes to make -- changes today or tomorrow, but in the years to come it will be really important.

nick: you mentioned chinese actions the coast guards have taken off the south china sea. u.s. officials are worried this could become a crisis. do you believe this could become a real u.s.-china crisis? zack: i do. i have been worried about second, scholl for a long time. second thomas scholl has been one of the most problematic in part because china and the philippines have very different views on what the status quo should be and it is incredibly important to the u.s. because the u.s. has a mutual defense treaty with the philippines which specifies an armed attack on a filipino public vessel would call into question the u.s. treaty alliance guarantee a pre-and we have gotten very close to this in recent months with china using water cannons against philippine ships, with rantings happening almost on a weekly basis paid these are very

serious incidents. you are seeing the biden team step up and say we cannot accept this level of risk forever. that is why they are moving now to tie biden and marcos closely together and trying to do it with other countries like japan and australia. nick: i mentioned before the economic investments as part of today's announcement for the philippines. you have mentioned them as well. given the military progress we have been discussing, has the u.s.-made as much economic progress in the region? zack: the short answer is no. we have polling data out recently that says most countries in the region have been more convinced over the last year that the u.s. is losing the level of economic engagement they wanted to see. the economic efforts by the biden team, especially something called in the pacific economic framework, have fallen flat in much of southeast asia. this is probably the missing leg of the u.s. strategy in the region. the u.s. is doing better in the

philippines than in the best of southeast asia but there is a huge amount of work to do for the biden team to convince counselees -- convince southeast asian leaders and the public the u.s. will be there for the long haul and continue to invest in the region the way it has for so long. nick: biden administration officials tell me they are trying to institutionalize days like today, set on the calendar into the future could things like summits, whether bilateral or trilateral. how much do we know if donald trump would maintain these kinds of many lateral arrangements, as we call them, if he were to become president again? zack: i think it really depends on the institution that we are talking about. india, japan, australia, and the u.s., that seems to be one trump would be likely to continue to support. so too with the australia, united states, u.k. agreement. some of these other trilaterals, especially if they involve countries trump is not

supportive of, and here i would look towards europe, those could be harder. in asia, the logic of these many lateral arrangements is quite clear. i would hope the trump administration would do as they did in the first term and maintain these if trump is elected. nick: zack cooper, thank you very much. zack: thanks. ♪ geoff: republican infighting continues on capitol hill as house speaker mike johnson tries to rally his conference into passing a consequential intelligence bilby for the weekend. a faction of house republicans have blocked the reauthorization of the foreign intelligence surveillance act known as fisa. that is a federal law that allows intelligence officials to spy on communications of foreign nationals. let's bring in our congressional correspondent e-cig de chardin.

-- lisa desjardins. lisa: this is a major program. intelligence agencies say this is what keeps americans most safe and it expires one week from tonight. 19 republicans blocked a version of this and there have been talks back and forth all day. i can report there is a sort of gentlemen's agreement to move forward to have a do over. that process would need to start tonight. but it is tonight and they have not begun yet. we will have to keep close tabs on this. there could be a vote on a new bill tomorrow. i want to remind people what exactly this bill is and why we are talking about it. section 702 allows intelligence agencies to collect communications of non-american subjects overseas. this must be approved each time by a fisa court. as they do this if they also encounter communications with americans, they can use those communications.

the fbi does the fbi does use them. so there is technically a warrant for those communications and that is the problem some members have. they think it is unfettered and we know there have been hundreds of thousands of times this has been used for americans. geoff: that helps explain why this debate is so critical and yet so difficult. lisa: one fact was given to me today that astounded me. i was told 60% of all the information going into the presidential daily briefing, the highest level intelligence briefing, comes from this program, pfizer 702. in addition to that we know that this is something that agents in the intelligence divisions are finding great alarm at if it actually expires. this has prevented several terrorist attacks. one thing people should know about -- also captured terrorists. one example, the number two in al qaeda. he is someone collected to the 9/11 attacks. a drone strike took him out in

2022 because of this program. also connected with the bombings on the uss cole. 17 seamen died in that in 2000. program sniffed out the hackers who took down the colonial pipeline blocked it for a bit of time. those who support this, special national security repugnance, safer all the problems congress has had, that this is actually one of the most dangerous areas that they see a problem with. geoff: what is the donald trump factor in this? he is urging republicans to vote against reauthorizing fisa. lisa: that's right. donald trump tweeted out last night or two nights ago simply, he wanted to kill the fisa bill. he went on to say something else in that tweet. he said it was illegally used against him. that is not true.

in fact, the program that was used against trump as he is claiming is a different part of fisa. there were wiretaps against carter page that we talked about before. that is not the same as section 702. let's look at what then- president trump tweeted about section 702 in 2018. he wrote, this is not the same faisal law that was so wrongly abused during the election. why am i raising this? when he sent that out in the middle of the night two nights ago it absolutely affected the way republicans voted and absolutely affected them taking down this national security program. we talked about president trump's influence so often but here he is blocking and national security program. using false information. geoff: what happens next? lisa: now we have to see exactly what is happening tonight. if the house rules committee does meet. if they move forward. i want to talk about the

different memory of congress who have problems with this. those members concerned about it, national security republicans, they say take away to shutdowns in the other issues, that this is a far more dangerous place to be. >> there is a lot of antics up here. i am usually not concerned. the world will keep turning. america will keep being awesome. shut down the government, ok. it is not the end of the world. but you lose our collection on our adversaries, that is one of the most seriously bad things i can think of happening. i have never been worried like i am worried now. lisa: and congressman crenshaw is not prone to hyperbole. on the other side we have republicans who say the original version of the bill that they opposed and they feel they did not get the chance to change went too far and did not have enough protections for americans. >> this reauthorization is not

reform. it is not currently reform. it might be reform depending on the amendments available, but we already know the one that protects your data from being bought by the fbi is not going to be allowed. somebody has to stand up for the constitution and the rights of the american people. and if i cannot do anything else here in this house of representatives, you can count me for standing up to that. lisa: house republicans are unique in the way that process in the house is policy. and those 19 republicans talking to may say they had a problem -- however, even if they move forward at the fastest speed, there is a problem in timing. because now the senate would have to pass a bill that changes tonight. . what is going on next week, potential impeachment in the senate, and potential motion to vacate. also, ukraine, the funding could get caught up. geoff: all right. lisa desjardins, thanks as always. lisa: you're welcome.

♪ >> a stiff reason the southern atlantic brides optimum -- carrying 200,000 tons of iron ore from brazil to china. it's fitted with so-called wind wings, which enable it to maintain speed while reducing dependency on engine power. >> in my 15 years as a ship captain, i've never been more excited. >> he skippers the berg olympus. just as aircraft wings create lift, these devices create thrust when installed vertically and automatically adjust to wind speed. >> i firmly believe our collective efforts can significantly reduce carbon

emissions from ships, and eventually realize our goal of zero carbon shipping. >> i think this is an all hands on deck moment. it is a critical point and we all need to really pursue the war against climate change. >> the shipowner is so impressed, he intends to requip much of his 85 strong fleet. >> we are looking at in good conditions around seven tons of fuel we save every day. that is around 20 tons of carbon dioxide. so we are hoping to remove nearly 5000 tons of co2 per annum using these wings on board one of our large ships. >> what sort of percentage of saving is that in terms of carbon for the voyages of that ship? >> around 15% to 20%, we hope to say. downwind for one final leg. >> this was the inspiration for what may be a wind revolution. britain's boat in the 2017

america's cup. >> i have been a sailor all my life. i love being on the water. it is a great sense of freedom, really, to be powered by the wind. and it's really amazing that this wind technology can now use the power of mother nature, the power of the wind to drive commercial shipping into the future. >> we met him building this year's boat. are they wings or sales? >> they are definitely wings. if you think of the old clipper ships from centuries ago, these are solid wings going on these modern-day ships that are really generating a huge amount of thrust. >> shipping accounts for 3% of all the world's co2 emissions. older vessels can sometimes be five times dirtier than newer ones. there has been a warning from the international maritime organization that unless stringent measures are taken,

shipping emissions can rise by 50% over the next one to five years. this fairy to the island of white off the south coast of england is part of a necessary change. >> it is 20% less than a conventional vessel. >> his company operates a britain's first hybrid ferry as part of his green commitment. not all vessels are suitable for wind power. >> she has electric motors, driving propellers, batteries, and the mode -- and diesel generators. >> what is the advantage of that? >> diesel generators can operate very efficiently. they hum at optima revs, minimum emissions. they pump up the batteries gradually and the batteries to all the hard work. >> some of these climate change innovators are based in portsmouth, home to hms warrior, the combined wind and steam power nearly two centuries ago. >> presenting the wing to a customer.

>> the chief executive leads a team working to convince owners of conventional cargo vessels like these that they should be sprouting wings. he says they should pay for themselves in six years. >> we want to employ wind wings on as many as the fleet because the biggest saving in carbon is not actually building new ships. >> at present only two vessels are using this system. the other is a singapore-based carrier. the third has just been ordered. >> two years time up to 50% of tankers will be ordered with some sort of wind proportion and we aim to dominate that market. >> how can you be so confident it will be this big? >> the results. they can't be ignored. >> this yacht designer is developing a rival system, which it claims will be even greener when it is ready in two years. besides clusters of three wings, solar panels power an electric generator, as clean exhaust

gases drive propellers. >> with heat recovery we achieve true zero. basically no co2 and no black soot. the exhaust coming out of the back of the vessel is actually breathable. >> the british government pledged to turn the country into an economic powerhouse. but these british -- >> i would love to build them in the u.k. there are some hurdles. the big thing the u.k. government needs to think about is import duties on some of these materials. here's a chance to bring wind powered technology to the u.k. and i hope we don't squander it. >> the ferry company would like to upgrade to all electric vessels that is proving impossible. >> the u.k. grid is not designed for what needs to do, which is deliver power to us and to our businesses around the country in

the way we now need. like many businesses, we are clamoring for connections but not being given any clarity as to when that will be. >> on our return journey, we had to make way for the prince of wales. a $4 billion aircraft carrier which has been an object of derision in britain after being plagued by breakdowns, including a driveshaft problem. so is it possible to fit warships with sails? >> yes, of course. but actually i don't think it is that practical. the aircraft carriers actually do have a service speed of 30 knots, and that would be quite fast for this wind power technology. we would love to. i think it would be more of a publicity stunt than reality, but we would certainly pick up the phone to the navy. >> warships aside, the future is looking bright, as shipping turns back to the future. ♪

geoff: a hot debate over the ownership of a spicy asian condiment has sent social media in a frenzy over food culture heritage and business. we are talking about the trademark battle david chang has been spearheading to protect his brand. he is the celebrity shift -- chef and founder of the momo fugu restaurant group, and the backlash against what many call a bullying tactic has been swift. stephanie sy has more. stephanie: whatever you call it, chile crisp, chile crunch, this has been the staple in kitchens for many generations. david chang's momo fugu chilly crunch is a relatively new player, introduced in store shelves a few years ago. however his company acquired the trademark for the name chili crunch.

which means other brands that use the name can be found liable portrayed violate -- for more i am joined by james who has written a whole cookbook featuring chili crisp. i apologize for all the ponds that will come out. describe the reaction you have been seeing. is it fair to say there is an uproar? >> absolutely. this has been quite a hot topic the past three days. the backlash has been quite intense. momo fuku has been a pioneer and leader of this asian food and product in the ever going chili crisp category and market. it is often operated by just one or a few people and they are calling it a trademark bully

because -- stephanie: what impacts are the makers of chili crisp worried about? are they worried momo fuku chili crunch will gain too much market share? are they worried they will be put out of business if they have to change their names or fight a legal fight? >> i think it is a little bit of both. i think they are worried about one brand dominating the market because they have all the money and lawyers. but also the small makers are feeling a little bit discouraged and intimidated to go against a big company because their business could be out of action. they are worried about not having the creative freedom to describe the product they are really excited.

naming a product can be crucial for the marketing and introduction to the category. stephanie: for people who don't use chili crisp, and you are the expert, what is a western equivalent that can illustrate what a pantry staple this is in asian kitchens? >> it is such an important pantry staple, especially in my kitchen and many asian americans. think of it more of a hot sauce and serve roger. -- and sriacha. even though it started as a condiment there used more nowadays as part of cooking and marinade and seasoning. in my cookbook there are so many recipes really changing the ideas of chili crisp can be so much more than just a finishing condiment. and it is an easy way to add spice, flavors, and textures that is different from hot sauces. it is really unique and very important in many asian cultures and flavors.

stephanie: some might say it will be like trademarking start or catch up. but momo fuku, david chang, they do own the trademark. they have every right, one would say, to enforce their trademark especially since larger companies like trader joe's have created a very similar condiment. why is david chang not given any allowance by his critics? james: it would have been a very different story if they want for much larger businesses. but the reason why the company is getting so much of a bad backlash is because the community felt this level of betrayal from him and his company. they were creating a path for other asian entrepreneurs to create a product that is getting more popular. and seeing someone that has already targeted their own community rather than cultivating and trying to uplift this market is feeling more of a

negative and betrayal feeling. stephanie: i december research and chang's company did purchase the rights from a company called chili colonial already owned the name chili crunch. some might say now at least an asian chef owns it. do you have any thoughts on that? james: yeah. chili crunch, that brand also started as a mexican brand. it is not only just in asian product. it also exists during mexican cuisine. it is another evidence shows how universal this condiment is and it should never be really capitalized or dominated by one brand. stephanie: what is this food fight and the ability to trademark a phrase as general and multicultural, you say, as chili crunch portends for other corporate battles? james: if a general descriptive

term like this gets approved, it opens up dangerous pandora's box of brands and people try to claim their other culture products. there has been enough awareness and cultural movement about creating that product. it doesn't have to work as a way to protect the term. i know that based on this, other terms like italian chili crisp is also pending for trademark. if this action gets approved, who knows whether there will be other fights for korean chili crisp, or filipino chili crisp. and something that should be used to celebrate a culture is turning into a battle of who can acquire a term that will make more money.

it is not a way to celebrate this marginalized community product people are creating for passion and love. stephanie: james park, author of the cookbook chili crisp, thank you so much for joining us. james: thank you for having me. ♪ geoff: and as always, there is a lot more online including a look at how some librarians have been fighting back in the face of book bans across the country. that is at pbs.org/newshour. and join us again here tomorrow night, as we weigh in on the week's political headlines. i'm geoff bennett. for all of us here, thanks for joining us and have a good evening. >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by.

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