>> good evening i'm william brangham. jeff and amna are away. investigators try to understand what went wrong leading up to the deadly harborage collapse. then a look at the tenuous nature of trump's newest

business venture, turning his social media platforms into a publicly traded company. and a normally raucous holiday israel is tempered by the war in gaza and the loss of loved ones. >> even though we are so sad because everything is going on and the hostages, we still want to make people happy. and let them forget for a second. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- >> consumer cellular, this is sam, how may i help you? >> this is pocket dial. somebody's pocket. >> with consumer cellular, you get nationwide coverage with no contract. that's kind of our. have a nice day. >> a successful business owner sells his company and restores his father's historic jazz club

with his son. a raymond james financial advisor gets to know you, your passions, and the way you bring people together. your life well planned. >> the judy and peter belong -- bloom foundation, strengthening democracies at home and abroad. the walton family foundation, working for solutions to protect water during climate change, so

people and nature can thrive together. supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation. committed to building and more just, verdant, and peaceful world. and with the ongoing support of these institutions. this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. william: welcome to the newshour. so far, two bodies have been recovered from the river where a bridge collapsed yesterday in baltimore. as the search for the remaining unaccounted four continues, divers are navigating treacherous waters hoping to recover what remains of those lost. the city of baltimore woke up again this morning to the mangled ruins of the francis scott key bridge shrouded in

fog. the initial search and rescue mission has turned to a search and recovery mission. >> these divers have been back in the water for hours now. william: maryland's governor said divers and recovery crews are braving treacherous conditions in the depths of the patapsco river to search for those missing now presumed dead. >> they are down there in darkness where they can literally see about a foot in front of them. they are trying to navigate mangled metal and they are also in a place that is now presumed that people have lost their lives. william: around 1:30 tuesday morning, a nearly 1000 foot long cargo ship lost power as it was piloting out of the baltimore harbor. the vessel was able to issue a made a call allowing police to halt bridge traffic. >> one of you guys on the south, one of you guys on the north side holding all traffic on the key bridge, there is a ship approaching that has lost steering. there is a crew out there. notify the foreman to see if we can get them off the bridge temporarily. >> put the work crew was not able to evacuate in time. last night, a vigil was held for those who couldn't be rescued, immigrant construction workers like el salvador, guatemala,

honduras. the white house transportation secretary laid out four objectives his department is focusing on now. but he couldn't give a timeline for the reopening a bridge. >> too soon to venture an estimate. .estimate.. the vast majority of the port is inside of that bridge, which means most of it cannot operate. william: for now, other baltimore roadways are absorbing the estimated 31,000 vehicles that normally cross the key bridge every day. meanwhile, investigators have recovered the cargo ship's black box as they continue to piece together what went wrong. a™ >> here are the latest headlines. hunter biden asked a judge to dismiss tax evasion charges.

his lawyers say the trial is tentatively scheduled for june. . ahmaud arbery urged a federal appeals court in 2020, greg mcmichael and a neighbor went after him after ahmaud arbery in brunswick, georgia. travis brunswick shot and killed him. the three men have also been convicted of state murder charges. the u.s. is really over the war in gaza may be easing. israeli prime minister bennett netanyahu has agreed to reschedule the toxic canceled this week. the focus was to be the planned israeli offensive into the city of rafah, something the u.s. has warned against. in jerusalem today, netanyahu met with u.s. lawmakers and defended the cancellation as a necessary signal after the u.s.

led a cease-fire resolution passing the un security council. >> my decision not to send a delegation to washington in the wake of that resolution was a message to hamas. it was a message first and foremost to hamas, don't bet on this pressure to stop the war. rafah he also dismissed fears that attacking rafah would endanger thousands of refugees. he said, "people just move, they move with their tents." israel and hezbollah fighters in southern lebanon faded heavy -- traded heavy new attacks on the border. israeli airstrikes killed 12 people overnight and today. as flurries with rockets, killing one person in northern israel. survivors voiced anger and desperation. >> we have been abandoned. abandoned. if i had been here 40 minutes

ago in this place, i don't hear even one plane from israel's air forces. there is a crater in the mineral -- it'll of the street. there is damage to an entire building and i'm one of the tenants. >> border clashes have killed 20 people and more than 240 in lebanon, including civilians and fighters. the united nations reports nearly 20% of all the food in the world goes to waste. these findings track progress toward cutting food waste in half by 2030. the report found 783 million people around the world do not have enough to eat. at the same time, it said the average person wastes 174 pounds of food each year. 60% of that total comes from households and the rest from restaurants and retailers. in thailand, a landmark marriage equality bill breezed through the lower house of parliament today.

if the senate agrees, the country becomes the first in southeast asia to legalize same-sex unions. lawmakers waved rainbow flags as the votes came in. the measure would recognize the rights of all wedded couples regardless of gender. back in this country, florida governor ron desantis and disney reached a settlement over overseeing walt disney world's future development. the legal fight broke out after disney opposed a state ban on teaching about sexual orientation and gender in early grades. in orlando, the governor said everyone wants to see the region grow. >> this tourism oversight board in the district is a big part of that and i think that there is going to be ways where we can do things that are in the best interest of the state of florida. and i think disney can be a part of that. cost him his california law

license. he is expected to deal. joe lieberman died today new york city. the longtime democrat served in this and it for more than 20 years and was al gore's running mate. still to come on the news hour. how a second trump presidency could impact the lgbtq province community. scientists work to harness artificial intelligence.

nasdaq sword. but the stock success does not seem to match it's on financials. truth social lost $49 million last year. it also has far fewer users than any other social network that has gone public. the tech research firm similar web estimates truth social at about 5 million users last month, compared to more than 3 billion on facebook and 2 billion on tiktok. dan alexander is a senior editor at forbes who has spent years covering the former president's sprawling business empire and he

joins us now. thanks so much for being here. what was your reaction when you saw that truth social stock price shoot through the roof? >> it was a reminder of what happened in 2021 when this idea of creating a trump branded social media network first at the news. that lasted for two days and then it started to step down and down and down. that means a lot of the people buying in today and yesterday are set to lose money. william: the thing i don't quite get is a company with these sorts of financials, how is that it ended up with this valuation in the multiple billions of dollars? >> something is worth what people are willing to pay for it. there are a lot of people extremely excited about something that they can buy stock in and become a business partner of donald trump. that doesn't have anything to do

with the financials. it doesn't have much to do with the future of the company. there is no serious stock analyst. but they bedded up to a crazy price. william: he has in norma's legal bills. there is nothing really wrong with that, is there? >> no, it is just a risky move. people are free to spend and potentially lose money as they please. if they choose to buy stocks at overvalued prices, ok, so be it. if people are donating to a presidential campaign, their return on investment is zero. if people are investing in trump's social media network, at least they are not going to get totally wiped out. william: you do have a rough sense of what truth social did for donald trump's net worth? >> yes a right now at this very moment, donald trump is worth over $7 billion. over $5 billion of that is because of the social media company. the vast majority of his fortune right now is tied up in these illiquid shares he holds in a fledgling social media company. he has lockup provisions for roughly six months.

maybe something happens where they tweet the rules. i think it would be difficult for them to change it. what trump is hoping for is the stock price will hang on for those six months, maybe not at the sky had level it is right now, but even if it dropped 50%, that is in norma's amount of money he can tap into. sell those shares and cash in a huge amount of money, money he hasn't seen in years. william: as i mentioned, you have covered trump's previous businesses for many years. does what you are seeing

parallel any of those previous business ventures? >> it does. if you look back at his history, he is really a master at convincing people to throw piles of money at him even when they should be wary. if you look at this over the years, the sorts of people throwing those piles of money at him had become less and less likely to scrub the financials of the actual business. in the 1980's when he was building in atlantic city, he is borrowing from a list banks on wall street. people who are going to scrub financials carefully. they didn't do it carefully enough and there were several bankruptcies and many of those lenders lost money. then he went to the public markets which are known for putting some scrutiny in, but maybe not as much. they are not as careful as banks. ultimately, his casino company is a publicly traded entity went bankrupt twice and the stockholders got wiped out. now you have the latest

iteration where he's going back to the public markets, now lenders lost money. then he went to the public markets which are known for putting some scrutiny in, but maybe not as much. they are not as careful as banks. ultimately, his casino company is a publicly traded entity went bankrupt twice and the stockholders got wiped out. now you have the latest iteration where he's going back to the public markets, now capitalizing on his political supporters who want to be in business with him and on people who like trading meme stocks. some people like going to the casino and others like trading meme stocks. these are not people carefully looking at the financials and figuring out, does this valuation makes sense? do i think this company will be profitable. william: it will be certainly an interesting six months to see how that progresses. on the campaign trail, trump has

been talking about what he plans to do if elected in november. laura perrone lopez joins us now. what has trump said he wants to do on lgbtq rights? >> since launching his campaign, he has targeted lgbtq people, transgender people, gender affirming care, and the ability of transgender youth to play in sports. >> on day one, i will sign a new executive order to cut federal funding for any school pushing critical race theory, transgender insanity, and other inappropriate racial, sexual, or political content onto our children. >> that promise you just heard has become a staple of former president donald trump's campaign rallies. william: how much of that is campaign rally rhetoric? we know that that kind of language excites a certain slice of his face. how much of that is him talking

versus what he plans to do? >> it is not just campaign rhetoric and his allies have drafted a sweeping document titled project 2025. it is led by the conservative think tank the heritage foundation into details a blueprint for a second term for trump, specifically on restricting lgbtq rights. what that details is reinstating a transgender military band, limiting workplace protections -- currently under the law sexual identity is protected. it would rescind health care for transgender people and urge congress to define gender as male and female fixed at. trump has repeatedly said that

he would band gender affirming care for minors and this playbook makes pretty clear that his plan also is trying to stop any and all acknowledgment of and acceptance of gender identity and lgbtq be a period. there are some pretty striking language through this blueprint saying government officials should only recognize marriage as between a man and a woman and that a man and a woman are the ideal, natural family structure. also in addition to that, trump is outlined a number of policies that essentially help minority groups and that they would be on the chopping block. when it comes to project 2025 cuts to diversity, what the plan would do is delete diversity, equity, and inclusion from every piece of legislation, remove those offices from federal agencies, curtail the teaching of race and racism, and urge

congress to ban federal funds for critical race theory training, essentially he has vowed on the campaign trail to terminate all dti programs. william: are all of those things you listed within the purview of the president? can he legally go ahead and do those things? >> technically this relies on trump enacting a legal concept known as the unitary executive theory. that is outlined in project 2025 and it suggests that trump could basically just work around or ignore congressional oversight. we spoke to the professor at the university of baltimore about trump's ability to carry out project 2025. >> with donald trump, the question isn't so much what the law authorizes, it is that if he has an army of employees that are willing to be loyal to whatever he wants and they implement what he directs, is there going to be pushback through congress, the courts, and the voters?

if there is no accountability and pushback, the answer to the question is yes and these things can happen because there is nothing to stop him. >> the professor said this plan relies on loyalists being installed across the board for him to carry this out. william: as you and others have reported, these lgbtq proposed changes are pretty sweeping, but project 2025 has a lot of other things. it is heritage, but who else is behind this project? >> this draft blueprint playbook was created by roughly 100 right wing organizations led by the heritage foundation and a number of these authors are actually people that worked in trump's administration when he was

president, including peter navarro, a former white house official, roger severino of health and human services, and ken cuccinelli at homeland security. they have all contributed to drafting this. they are contenders for a future cabin and if you were to win reelection. this is a 180 day manual of sorts that outlines the ability for former president trump to consolidate power under the presidency. i spoke to professor thomas, who studies authoritarian regimes and he explained that trump was not necessarily able to institute this in 2017 because he didn't have the amount of loyalists he plans on having across-the-board. with these new loyalists, he can advance a white christian

evangelical ideal of american society. >> this is not going to be trump presidency part two. this is quantitatively something different. it is opposed to egalitarian democracy, because it fundamentally does not agree that all people are equal or deserved to be treated as equal citizens, only those who belong to "real america" deserve that. so everyone else either needs to be purged from the nation or at very least accepts their lesser place in society. >> professors, added that type of purging takes roots in the

mccarthyism of the early 1950's, where they essentially tried to sweep away anyone across american society that would deviate from perceived norms. william: such important reporting, thank you very much. >> thank you. william: this week for the first time in more than 40 years, jerusalem held a parade for the israeli holiday up her room. it is traditionally a party for kids and adults, but this year the war has muted the festivities and even caused controversy over that parade. nick schifrin and producer carl bostic talked to israelis about holding a celebration in a time of war. >> it is a 2500-year-old holiday. a celebration of an ancient jewish victory over persecution. purim is carnivale meets halloween. but even in a country always on alert, october 7 shattered israelis sense of security and

even faith and having fun. test the waldo hats next to the lion king float, a reminder of how long has held israeli hostages. ruben is israel's former president. >> people are asking in those days when you have so many people and when you have those who were kidnapped in gaza still, why should we celebrate? >> and so jerusalem's mayor and braced hostage families. he announced not a purim carnival, but a united purim procession. it was led by hostage families surrounded by the symbol of the kidnapped, the yellow ribbon. and a tribute to those prevented from being here. >> what i heard about it for the first time, i thought it wasn't a good idea. >> a hostage family spokesman, his cousin has been a hamas

hostage for 173 days. >> we are here because we have to make sure that all israelis remember that there are hostages in the hands of hamas and that the whole world remembers that we have to do everything we can to make sure they come home as quickly as possible. >> andy at the show must go on if only as a show of defiance. especially for kids. each float was crafted by children and this came -- >> after the war, everyone feels a little sad and i think it is very important to not forget the holy day that we have and i want to be a part of it. >> for the little mermaid singing little mermaid in hebrew. >> even though we are so sad because everything tt is going on and the hostages, we still want to make people happy and let them forget for a second about what is going on. >> in tel aviv, happiness for the keller family is embracing the dark side. here there are reminders of the hostages. here the opportunity for boys to be boys. >> the reality that you live on a daily basis. you have a kid that you need and

want to feel normal and safe and they will experience life. on the other end, you think of the hostages in gaza. >> in tel aviv, it was festive, but relatively small, a way for families to be together. >> all the sacrifice that was made. at the end of the day. >> this year is going to be different. hamas gunmen stormed across the street from that gate, the house where carbone grew up. that safe room was not safe enough. inside was her mother. >> she called her sister and she called me and they found mom in the kibitzing. and she is dead. and it was, it was terrible.

they massacred more than 100 residents. >> this is all that is left of her father's house. her heart will always be here. >> lucky he got out in one piece. but they burned down the whole house. you can see inside. everything is just black. >> five months later. >> crazy. >> before the terror, purim was one of her favorite holidays. this year she wants celebrate, but she thinks israel still should. >> the real heroes are the people who try and get above all this grief and sadness. it makes me smile. it makes me more happy, but i

just couldn't do it myself. you can see inside. everything is just black. >> five months later. >> crazy. >> before the terror, purim was one of her favorite holidays. this year she wants celebrate, but she thinks israel still should. >> the real heroes are the people who try and get above all this grief and sadness. it makes me smile. it makes me more happy, but i just couldn't do it myself. >> war continues, but there was

a moment of joy. even through the tears. for the pbs newshour, i'm nick schifrin. william: buying and selling a home could get quite a bit cheaper. that is because the national association of realtors has agreed to rewrite a number of the rules that regulate america's housing industry. john yang unpacks the details. john: typically a person pays a commission of five or 6% of the purchase price, but for federal judges -- approves a proposed settlement, that will change. the national association of realtors has agreed to abandon its rules about how commissions are set, advertised, and paid. a new york times real estate reporter's investigation led to the resignation of its president. debra, let's start with this question of the commissions. what is going to be the effect on someone who sells their home and someone who buys a home?

>> we definitely know what the effect is going to be on someone who sells their home. commission will go down. you were responsible for paying commissions to your agent, the seller's agent, and that once put the commission with the buyers agent. that was between 5% or 6%. that settlement is going to go down. sellers will have more money to go out and buy their next house. for buyers, the onus for paying will be on them and that is where we are's -- are expecting the settlement to hurt the most. john: who brought this settlement and why? >> it was brought by a handful of home sellers and maggiore -- in missouri. they are really average people. they also the home in the past two years and when they sold at home, they did not feel they were told are able to negotiate the commissions they paid to

real estate agents and they felt that the rules set by nar made it that they were not able to negotiate and there might be antitrust violations. they contacted a lawyer and brought a class-action suit into the great surprise of the housing industry, they won and now it is settled. john: these homeowners did something that the justice department is trying to do and hasn't been able to do. >> these homeowners were basically able to make a change and many small upstate real estate technology companies were not able to do so. for many years, people have been trying to break this anticompetitive rule that the lawsuits alleged. the reason the home sellers believe they were successful is because in a court of law, they were a bunch of average americans talking to a jury also comprised of average americans and in that way they had a leg up in these arguments and they were successful. john: i want to go back to the

homebuyers. they were not part of this lawsuit. >> that's correct. it was brought only by home sellers. john: i've read some real estate experts saying that there may be unintended consequences for first-time buyers. >> you are absolutely right. for first-time homebuyers, it is often difficult to scrape together the money you need to get the down payment to buy that first home, especially now when the housing market is so tight and expensive. in the past, one thing

homebuyers did not have to worry about was paying their real estate agents. as this settlement has its effects, one thing we might see is that homebuyers file also have to pay my real estate agent on top of everything. but most likely, we will see new models for compensation evolve out of this that didn't exist before, where the way we pay real estate agents on the buy side might be completely different. it could be a flat fee, by the hour. there are all sorts of ways to pay that never existed before because there wasn't competition in the market. john: this is going to change the way people buy and sell homes. what about for the industry? this is breaking the trade group's powers in a way. what is the effect going to be? >> for the national association of realtors, they have had extreme power and dominance for more than 100 years. pretty much no one has been able to break them. now, they stand to lose a lot of that power, namely because one of the primary regions -- reasons agents felt they had to join was to have access to mls's, multiple listing services where homes are bought and stalled. nar subgroups control those databases. out listing homes on these rules tabases. agents are now saying, maybe we won't pay dues to nar or b members and they stand to lose two thirds of their members by some estimates. john: they are

also going to lose, the industry as a whole if the nar's weekend, it seems to lose a voice in washington and lobbying. they >> are america's most dominant political action committee. they give more money to candidates who are pro their initiatives and spend more money fighting candidates against their initiatives than any other group. they have a hugely dominant arm in washington. that is one of the reasons it took so long for anyone to be successful in challenging them. if membership goes down, the pool of people who donate to them goes down, so i think it is a very likely scenario that in the future their dominance in washington is going to go down, but it's also going to open the door for other groups to enter and have dominance in their own way. john: thank you very much. >> thank you. william: one year ago today,

three little children and three adults were shot at at the covenant school in nashville, the deadliest school shooting in tennessee history. in the wake of that tragedy, a group of tennesseans from across the political spectrum came together to find ways to reduce the harm of gun violence in their state. judy woodruff reports from tennessee as part of her ongoing series america at a crossroads. >> tim carroll is a firearms instructor in rural herriman tennessee who is passionate about guns and gun rights. >> i'm a second amendment absolutist. having more guns out there is a good thing. there are some folks in society who cannot protect themselves physically. the firearm is the only way that that person can protect themselves. judy: when you think about a gun, what do you think? >> i think it is a tool that is

misused often. and in the wrong hands, it can cause a lot of damage. judy: alyssa pyramid and is a high school english teacher in jackson, tennessee, who lost two of her students to gun violence less than a year apart. how are their families? >> that was the hardest part. it makes you cry. when the casket closed, you hear their mom just screamed. judy: i can't even imagine. you might think these two would struggle to ci 2-iron about anything to do with guns, but they were part of a so-called citizens solution session that gathered 11 tennesseans from all walks of life for a three day conference. the goal of this session could help realistic proposals.

>> it was really refreshing to be able to share my story and for people not to brush it off. >> i was really fortunate to be able to get that perspective from folks like alyssa because when i hear gunshots and somebody is hunting or they are just out here shooting, but when they hear gunshots, something that is happening. judy: the event was organized by the national nonpartisan, nonprofit name starts with us which aims to bring people from diverse backgrounds together to find solutions to the country's toughest issues. >> we are being fed a narrative that everybody hates everybody else. we know that is not the case. judy: they ultimately came together last august to draft five proposals that they felt could help address gun violence. >> what is the address of your emergency? judy: what prompted their effort

was the incident one year ago when a shooter killed 39-year-old children and three adults. at the private christian covenant school in nashville. just one of 82 school shootings in the u.s. in 2023. [chanting] following the tragedy, students, parents, and gun safety activists called on the tennessee state legislature to act to prevent more gun violence. >> thousands of us here are demanding change. judy: eventually leading to the controversial expulsion of two black lawmakers from the statehouse. [chanting]

>> i am a pleading mother. i don't want anyone of you to feel what this feels like. judy: in august of last year, tennessee's republican governor called a special session to enact gun safety measures, but no proposal passed. that same week, the tennessee 11 convened to try to hammer out some solutions of their own. four of their proposals centered on measures that would not restrict access to firearms, things like promoting responsible gun ownership, broadening the role of police officers in schools, working to reduce trauma from gun violence, and increasing understanding of gun issues in schools, communities, and the media. the one measure that focus on restricting access was the most controversial. removing guns from those who may commit a violent act. >> you see people you have never seen before and you know nothing

about them. judy: ariel gibson martin is a district manager. she says she learned a new way to connect with those she doesn't connect with. >> you break bread together. can you tell me more about that experience? maybe we can meet in the middle. judy: do you still feel comfortable with what you all agreed on? >> absolutely, absolutely. judy: public polling done by the same nonprofit that organize the sessions suggested that those five proposals had majority support among tennesseans statewide. some narrowly. the plan was to take these hard-won compromises to the state capital to present lawmakers in this republican dominated state with a way forward. >> we are depending on you to

choose the path that enables collaboration for the good of all tennesseans. judy: the group invited 100 tennessee legislators to attend their session, but only 10 showed up. adam louk is a family therapist and gun enthusiast part of the tennessee 11. >> my house representative from my district shows up and then doesn't even want to have a conversation with me afterward. i had to chase him down the hall. as soon as i handed, he left the chambers quite quickly and didn't want to take our information packet or anything like that. this is when we start talking about the extremes because is that willie -- really his unwillingness to have a

conversation with me or does he think it is political suicide? judy: the newshour reached out to a dozen republican lawmakers, but none agreed to talk with us about these issues. when the gun rights advocate reached out to local gun organizations to share his excitement about the exchange of ideas that was happening, he encountered not just opposition, but threat. >> i was met with serious hostility. i was hit with people calling my work phone and leaving unsettling voicemails. judy: what did they say? >> to put it plainly, that i was a liberal plant. that who the hell are you? who elected you to speak for me? judy: in fact, a conservative newspaper picked up the story, criticizing the effort for being funded by an out-of-state billionaire. the article claimed the whole effort was designed to push a gun-control agenda and that some among the tennessee 11 were partisan activists. >> i know that if i start speaking out about the session and what i did, i know that all

of this could go away, right? if somebody says tim carroll is working with the anti-gun folks to come up with new laws, that is all they will hear. you know what, tim carol, don't go to classes with him or listen to anything he says. that is why i fought so hard during the solutions sessions to come up with things that didn't infringe on our rights, but i know that will be misconstrued and the gun rights community. >> if he in fact is a strong second amendment advocate, the question becomes, will you cross over from having the conversation to supporting a concept that may not reconcile with the second amendment?

judy: john harris is a lawyer and executive director of the tennessee firearms association. he says the second amendment and the u.s. supreme court have been clear that there is little to no legal room to regulate firearms. you have a motto or a line? is that your position? no compromise? >> once it becomes clear that something is a constitutionally protected right and the supreme court clearly defines the boundaries, why compromise?

>> my goal of joining the citizens solution session was to make sure my voice was heard. that my community, the gun community, that their voice was heard. i think there are a lot of us out there, but we are just quiet because we know that if we speak up, we will be ostracized from our side and even though we are pro-gun and showed up to this, the anti-gun community, they are not going to want to have anything to do with us either. judy: now as the state marks one year since the covenant shooting with no new measures in place to reduce gun violence, some in the tennessee 11 say it is time for listening and compromise. for the pbs newshour, i'm judy woodruff in harriman, tennessee. william: the dream of artificial intelligence, machines that think like humans is starting to become a reality. about whether we will be able to control a technology about whether we -- that may have a very smart mind of its own. as miles o'brien reports, ai may create new tools to address some of the most complex problems and at the top of the list is the

climate emergency. >> as the world grapples with climate change, scientists are turning to an unlikely ally, artificial intelligence. from predicting extreme weather events, ai is emerging as a powerful tool in the fight against global warming. in orlando, florida, my radar is working to combine some tiny satellites with artificial intelligence to detect fires long before they race out of control. that is founder and ceo andy green. >> we are employing ai to do something a human can't. we want to look at the planet to look for disasters in the making. >> take on fluence of technologies, ai coupled with the relentless miniaturization of sensors and the reduced cost of reaching lower orbit but this

company on a trajectory to launch its own satellite constellation. sare vashem is the chief scientist and cto. >> getting that early information and the fire identified and tracked is a challenge we are trying to solve from space. >> the existing fleet of satellites flown by the national oceanic and atmospheric association and nasa are not suited for real-time alerting of abutting fire. either the image resolution is not granular enough for the satellite doesn't pass over a particular site frequently enough. >> we are filling in the gaps by trying to launch lower orbit satellites that will bring the

revisit time down from 12 or 24 hours to sub hourly. >> noah is providing $800,000 in funding. the company is aiming to launch the first of its armada in 2024. >> the intent is to build out a full constellation of 150 to 200 satellites were more to give us the coverage we need and the timeliness of the data we want to get. >> the idea is to give users including first responders real-time warnings of fires. >> this one is the hyperspectral camera. >> they will be equipped with high resolution visible light and near infrared hydra -- hyperspectral cameras and a thermal imager. >> you can put that much into what is essentially a rubik's cube. >> indeed, 10 centimeters on a side. >> that's extort mary. >> it's really exciting. >> they call it the

hyperspectral orbital imaging spectrometer. in addition to the sensors, they will fly with artificial intelligence on board. it is a way to solve a communications bottleneck. >> the onboard ai piece of it means that once we do detect a fire, we can process that information on board the satellite and send an alert directly to the ground without having to downlink the entire data set for somebody on the ground to process it. ai on board makes the mission possible. >> so what makes the ai able to see fires so early? it is a perfect use case for a so-called neural network. here is how wood gets smart enough to spot specific things. pick a dog for example. it comes through an example with many virtual many fine glasses. it is looking for a specific kind of puzzle piece like an edge, shape, or texture. it makes simplified versions, repeating the process on larger and larger sections. eventually, the puzzle can be assembled and it is time to make a guess. is that a cat, a dog, a tree?

sometimes the guess is right, sometimes it is wrong, but it learns from mistakes. labeled images correct the previous operation so the next time it plays the guessing game, it will be even better. >> ultimately, you get to a point where you show a picture of a cat and it will reply, is this a cat? it is essentially the same process for wildfires. we train the model we use based on existing data and that provides it a general understanding of what it might look like. in the end, we have a simple numerical model that says, this look like a wildfire could be in play, let's alert somebody to

prevent it from happening. >> artificial intelligence is not just being deployed for climate adaptation. it is also a potent tool for mitigation. at the lawrence berkeley national laboratory in california, they are applying ai to the urgent hunt for green energy sources. is there anything like this in the world? >> not in organic chemistry. >> this material scientist showed me the place he calls the a lab. >> we deliberately did not define what a stands for. >> there is no be lab? >> it could stand for automated -- autonomous or ai driven. >> technicians are at work around the clock testing recipes for compounds that might make better batteries to enable the transition to renewable energy. historically, it has been slow going. tedious trial and error.

>> some but he comes up with an idea and tries it in the lab. that is why it takes so long. the average time to market is between 18 and 20 years. >> how to speed things up? the solutions they seek are buried in millions of scientific papers. the lab has developed machine learning algorithms that sift through nearly all of the scientific literature on material science. the ai can see correlations and anomalies humans might not. this allows it to predict the properties of vast numbers of hypothetical compounds, reducing the need for trial and error in the lab and saving time and resources. >> a person can never know what has been done in 5 million research papers, but that is the

beauty of mathematics and our computing algorithms. they essentially hold all knowledge in memory. >> to more efficiently test hypothetical compounds, they have built this robotic lab to mix and test the suggestions 24/7. what used to take months now happens in a matter of days. >> we really can innovate at a much faster scale. we just have to get on with it. >> for many people, artificial intelligence is this. >> come with me if you want to live. >> the terminator, an existential threat. but it might be an indispensable tool to confront the complex problems that threaten us most. for the pbs newshour, i'm miles o'brien in berkeley, california. >> miles and his team have been working on this subject for a year now and the result is a one

hour film called ai revolution and it premieres tonight on pbs and available for streaming online. that is the newshour for tonight. i'm william brangham. on behalf of the entire team, thanks so much for joining us. >> major funding has been provided by -- >> actually, you don't need vision to do most things in life. yes, i'm legally blind and yes i'm responsible for the user interface. data visualization. if i can see it and understand it quickly, anyone can. it is exciting to be part of a team driving the technology forward. i think that is the most

rewarding thing. people who know, know bdo. >> the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the newshour. the ford foundation. working with visionaries on the frontlines lines of social change worldwide. funding for america at a crossroads was provided by -- and with the ongoing support of these individuals and this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you.

-buongiorno. i'm lidia bastianich, and teaching you about italian food has always been my passion. just like that. you got that right. it has always been about cooking together and building your confidence in the kitchen. for me, food is about gathering around the table to enjoy loved ones. your family is going to love it. share a delicious meal and make memories. tutti a tavola a mangiare. "lidia's kitchen: meals & memories." -funding provided by... -every can of cento tomatoes is born in italy,