♪ amna: good evening. i'm amna nawaz. geoff bennett is away. on "the newshour" tonight... congressional leaders push to get their members on board with the debt ceiling deal. what's in the agreement and its potential effects on the u.s. economy. turkey's president erdogan secures his grip on power by winning another term in office. the ramifications for that country and the world. and... after calls to remove police officers from schools, why some districts are considering bringing them back. ♪ >> major funding for "the pbs newshour" has been provided by -- ♪

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♪ this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. amna: president joe biden and house speaker kevin mccarthy have a deal to avoid defaulting on the country's debt but there's still a threat of economic catastrophe if they can't sell it to congress. lisa desjardins combed through the 99-page bill and is here now with the details and a read on the mood on capitol hill.

great to see you. you have read the bill. give us the big picture. lisa: the fiscal responsibility act, 99 pages. big ideas, how large do we want government to be or not? let's talk about the big bottom lines. what do we do for spending? defense spending, we increase next year by 3%, not much relative to recent years. veterans fully funded. nondefense spending would decrease slightly. that depends on the baseline math. it stays about the same. we would suspend the debt limit to january 2025, after the next election. the current curve, $1.6 trillion, this is the current spending. here is where the curve was headed before this deal. let's look at what the deal

would do if it is passed. the spending would be much less, it stabilizes. some say that is not enough, some republicans want more. leaders have been talking about this deal, sending out statements. president biden was asked why didn't he come out in public more. >> one of the things i heard some of you guys saying, why isn't biden saying what a good deal it is? is that going to help get it passed? no. lisa: this is part of the needle they all have to threat. democrats don't want to say it is too good and scare off republicans and republicans are the reverse. amna: so they now have to sell this to members of congress, some of whom have been voicing opposition. let's start with the democrats. lisa: for them, they are looking at who this affects and where it affects.

one thing in the bill not related to the debt is a mountain valley pipeline in west virginia. it's a controversial project that this bill would essentially fast-track, it's been waiting for years because environmentalists and some courts have opposed it dangerous and not well-run. but this bill is something joe manchin wants, and he would get. that's something progressives site is a huge mistake, they don't like the way it handles environmental permitting. it would also stop the freeze on student loan payments in the fall. in addition, the biggest concern from progressives, work requirements. let me talk about what this bill proposes to do for food stamps. first of all, it would extend the current work requirements to those aged 50 and 54 not required to have work requirements under the current law. also veterans and youth and

those experiencing homelessness. the white house says when you put those together, you have the same number of people on food stamps but there is no question that expanding the agent would mean 200,000 or more would have the work reqrements and there is worry from the left somewhat fall off. centrist democrats, they are getting behind the bill. also democrats say this is right way to go. amna: what about republicans? lisa: it is quite fiery in the republican conferences. there are republicans, we talked about chip roy of texas. he sits on the house rules committee. he says this does not cut spending, keeping spending at the same level is not enough. these powerful enough to block it in the rules committee. that vote will be tomorrow. in the senate we have a rising tide of concern from senate republicans.

lindsey graham took to twitter today and he has a problem because he thinks it does not increase defense spending enough and he is tweeting he will use all of his powers to bring up amendments. he says there should be a three month delay. that seems unlikely. all of this means we have concerns on both sides and we are at a moment where we don't know which way concerns will go. amna: the deadline is one week away from today. can they reach that deadline? lisa: we have seven days. here is where we are. it's going to take three days to get this to the house floor, wednesday is the ideal that it would pass. then it would take another day to get to the senate. then you are dealing with thursday and friday. most bills take this long in the senate or this long. to get this through on time, we need senators to agree on a time agreement and you can't have someone like lindsey graham or

rand paul objecting and slowing things down or we will run out of time. it is beyond close. they have to threat several needles. amna: i have a feeling it will be a busy week for you. lisa, thank you for staying on top of it. let's focus a bit more on those questions about what the deal could mean for the economy. david wessel joins us again. he's the director of the hutchins center on fiscal and monetary policy at brookings. great to see you. both sides claiming victory to some degree. you heard lisa's reporting on the details. from your perspective, what stands out to you about compromises and what each side got? david: i think a lot of stuff in the bill is there so people can say they got something. as lisa pointed out, the republicans did not get all of the work requirements they got the democrats did not keep work requirements the way they are now. the most important thing to remember is this does not solve

the nation's debt problem. the debt will continue to rise. all of the cuts in this bill are focused on annually appropriated discretionary spending. nondefense spending. that's about 10% of the budget. what is driving the debt medicare, medicaid, social security and taxes. all of those are off the table. when the debt ceiling expires, in 2025, that's the same year that the 2017 tax cuts expire. we will have a big fight over long-term fiscal issues. amna: when you look at this deal, limiting discretionary spending to 1% growth doesn't even keep up with inflation. i know the white house does not want to say that is a cut but do you look at it as a cut? david: yes, it is a cut and relative to the baseline the white house and congressional budget office use. what is hard here is we don't know who will pay for that. that remains to be seen in the

12 appropriation bills that have to be written. but it will not be sufficient for them to have the same number of services. amna: the broader impact, when you see government spending decreasing, what kind of impact could we see? unemployment, generally? david: the government going to put less money into the economy than have been projected. that means will be a less economic growth. economists who estimate these things say it will be about 1/10 and 2/10 of a percent. it's negative but not very big. whether we have a recession or not has to do with a lot of other things going on in the economy. the federal reserve, energy prices, the banking system. this will be a minus on the economy but a small one. amna: what about broader market stability? these talks at uncertainty that investors do not like.

is this a good sign? david: absolutely. provided it gets through congress in the next week, this takes off the table the threat of default and the handwringing about whether the treasury will run out of honey and takes it off the table until january 2025. that one less big worry markets and public have to be concerned about. amna: i want to ask about a couple of specifics. this doesn't add any revenue. it was intended to but it does clawback some of the $80 billion intended for the irs, which some estimates say could increase revenues. what impact could that have? david: the congressional budget office and other experts say if you give the irs money, they get more tax revenue. scaling that act will reduce the amount of money the irs will collect. there was $80 billion approved for the irs last year. there is an agreement although it is not in the text of the bill, to scale that back $20

billion and divert that money to other spending. but the white house says the irs still has access to the $60 billion and can start spending it now. we really don't know what effect it will have but we know the direction into the congressional budget office will say we will raise less revenue they would have predicted before. amna: what about some of the details lisa was reporting on, the work requirement of certain recipients of food stamps and accelerated preventing for energy projects? we note the economic impact of those will have? david: the short answer is not much. the work requirements, the reason people worry about them is not because they d't want people on food stamps to work, they are afraid it becomes a barrier to people getting benefits to which they are entitled. this will hurt some people but other people will be helped. the permitting is mild. it sets up some procedures but it is not nearly the kind of reform people were looking for. on the student loans, we are

basically at status quo. the president said he begins people to start paying their student loans 60 day after the supreme court rules on his proposed forgiveness. what the bill does is he cannot stretch that out any longer but it doesn't change the status quo. amna: where the opposition has been, do you believe resident biden and leader mccarthy are going to be able to get this to pass? can they sell this? david: that's a good question. my guess is yes because i don't think -- i think enough members of congress don't want u.s. to default. in 1990, george h w bush cut a deal with congressional republicans that the house rejected. it took them three weeks to come up with another package to get enough votes to get through. the problem this time, they don't have three weeks. my bet is this will get through but my guess is there will be a bumpy road. amna: david, always good to have

you here. thank you. ♪ in the day's other headlines -- officials say there are no known fatalities or people still trapped in an apartment building that partially collapsed in davenport, iowa yesterday. a section of the six-story brick structure crumbled in the late afternoon. responders were able to rescue eight people. they're preparing to shift to a recovery operation soon. >> at this time, the building is structurally unsound, it's posing a risk to responders, and we are actively working for the best course of action for the building. amna: the cause of the collapse is still under iestigation. authorities say the building was under repair, and that they found gas and water leaking inside. in ukraine, russian ballistic and cruise missiles targeted kyiv's city center today in a rare daytime attack. ukraine's military said it shot down all of them.

it was russia's 16th air assault on the capital this month and came hours after it rattled kyiv overnight with dozens of drone strikes and cruise missiles. oksana: it is not the first sleepless night. if it is very noisy we spend the night in the hallway. but this does not change our lives. we continue to live. we go on with our lives and keep on enjoying them. the russians want to inflict as much damage as possible scaring the civilian population. amna: russia has stepped up attacks over the last month as ukraine prepares to launch its own counter-offensive to take back territory seized by russian forces. warring factions in sudan agreed to extend their shaky cease-fire for another five days. heavy clashes between sudan's military and rival paramilitary forces broke out in khartoum hours before the truce was set to expire. nearly 1.4 million people have been displaced since the fighting broke out in mid-april. the u.n. is warning of a rising food emergency for those who

remain. and, uganda's president has signed one of the world's most restrictive anti-lgbtq bills into law.prisment for anyone convicted of homosexuality. and it mandates the death penalty for those who have same-sex relations with people infected with hiv or minors. president biden issued a statement saying, "this shameful act is the latest development in an alarming trend of human rights abuses and corruption in uganda." still to come on "the newshour"... the state-level battles brewin in america over lgbtq rights... medical clinics struggle to care for an influx of migrants to el paso... native american fashion aims to reclaim its culture with authentic designs... and on this memorial day, a moment to remember and honor those who served. >> this is "the pbs newshour" from weta studios in washington,

and in the west from the walter cronkite school of journalism at arizona state university. amna: turkish president recep tayyip erdogan won yesterday's run-off election, surviving the biggest challenge to his two decades in power. the victory cements his grip on turkey, an important nato member, despite mounting economic woes, skyrocketing inflation and poor response to february's devastating earthquake. at his massive white palace at the edge of the capital city and before a sea of supporters who said they would die for him, turkey's undefeated ruler celebrated his victory. >> we are not the only winners. the winner is our nation. amna: but clearly not all. hours before in istanbul, he

criticized his opponent and said there is no place for lgbt turks and his party. >> can lgbt infiltrate the party, and to the people's alliance members? amna: he was part of a course heralding another five years in power. that, should he serve his full term, would make him turkeys ruler for a quarter century. he first became prime minister in 2003, riding to power on anger against the secular political really. he was the alternative, a religious working-class outsider presented himself as a progressive ally of the west and helped lead the country to economic growth. but with time, erdogan evolved into a political strongman, dubbed as turkeys new soltan. he arrested critics and journalist, and rules turkey with an iron fist after

centralizing power in the office of president, reinforcing his rule. he faced this year a unified opposition. >> we experience the most unfair election in recent years. all the means of the state mobilize for a political party. all possibilities late under one man's feet. amna: his opponent accused him of using public schemes and mass media to tilt the tide in his favor and says erdogan fought a divisive campaign that polarized turkey. >> i look at the people around me who are supporting the opposition and all of them are resentful. >> thank god he was elected. it's a good result because erdogan is a good leader. he knows what the people want. amna: the postelection map shows that erdogan's alliance suffered in major centers.

erdogan's number one task ahead is to tackle inflation, at more than 40%, a collapsing turkish currency, and the ongoing effects of the february earthquake that killed more than 50,000 turks. all while in steering the nation into what he says will be the turkish century. to discuss the impact and significance of president erdogan's electoral win, we turn to -- gönül tol is the author of "erdogan's war: a strongman's struggle at home and in syria." she is also the founding director of the turkey program at the middle east institute, a washington, d.c. based think thank. and james jeffery spent 35 years as an american diplomat, including as u.s. ambassador to turkey from 2008 to 2010. he's now chair of the middle east program at the wilson center, which is also a d.c.-based think tank. welcome to you both. polling earlier this month have erdogan training -- trailing all of the perspective candidates.

he was facing frustration. how did he win? gönül: by basically following the autocrats playbook. he stirred up the cultural war, polarized society and framed the election as an existential war for survival. in such context voters usually do not easily change their voting behavior. we tend to forget about the pressing problems because they see that as an existential war. that's how he managed to prevent infections and kept his base together. amna: you know erdogan. when you look at how he won and where he won, what strikes you? james: how consistent this has been the past 20 years. he wins in the heartland and not in the cosmopolitan areas and has a hard time in the kurdish

areas in the southeast. no surprises there. this is base and a plate of his base. amna: there is a unified opposition here. do you think he looks at this as giving him a mandate of some kind? james: absolutely. he looks at this as a victory over his challenger. he realizes he lost 6% or 7% of his support from 2018. but i think this is a clear enough victory for him that he doesn't need much to think he has a mandate. the things he has 20 years of rule behind him and this gives him another five. amna: would you call the election free and fair? gönül: it wasn't. the elections were not fair in the months leading up to the elections. i think erdogan tilted the playing field in his favor heavily. he used vast state resources and

the media under his control to reach out to voters. the opposition's efforts to get a message across were hindered by state institutions, government authorities. a state broadcaster, for instance, erdogan got 32 hours of airtime. his opponenonly got 32 minutes. the elections were not fair. but usually international observers call the elections unfair but free. i think that is a huge problem. we need to rethink the way we think about turkeys elections because if the incumbent does everything in his power to tilt the playing field so much in his favor, think the ballot box is already stuffed so the elections are not free either. amna: what about the way the u.s. looks at turkey in terms of partnership? turkey is a nato member, it

stood in the way of nato expansion before. should the usc turkey as a reliable nato member -- the u.s. see turkey as a reliable nato member? gönül: i think the u.s. knows that turkey is a problematic member and it has learned to live with it. i think we will see more of what we've seen, a transactional partnership or the united states not care that much about what erdogan does to his own people and own institutions. but washington will continue to work with erdogan on the foreign policy front in places her interest overlap. amna: do you agree? james: basically, particular on a transactional issue by issue. washington has had some success. i would disagree a bit. i don't think this was a free and fair election but it didn't cross over the border where washington would have reacted. if this had looked like erdogan

didn't have something like a majority, it would've been a huge problem for washington. it realizes the problems but they were not bad enough for washington to react. i think people were concerned about the circumstances. but we will move forward dealing with erdogan. amna: how does this complicate the u.s.-turkey relationship moving forward? the fact that his when earned congratulatory messages from both president biden and russian president putin, who called him a dear friend, what does this mean? james: turkey, like israel and iran, although they are closely -- close with the u.s. on security issues, have to be careful about russia. there are russian forces in the black sea area. there is a trading energy

relationship with russia. he has acted militarily against russia many times and most important it is essential to what we are trying to do in ukraine. that's why president zelenskyy was also one of the first to congratulate him appear to its complicated -- congratulate him. it is complicated but important to nato and us. amna: the massive economic problems he is facing, can he stave off an economic crisis? gönül: it depends on what he decides to do. he will certainly be facing a more unstable domestic market. the top challenge she will be facing is the country's economic problems. in the past, the turkish economy is where it is right now because of erdogan's unorthodox canonic policies. moving forward, economists expect if he stays on that course, turkeys economic problems will grow.

but he will have a chance, if he decides to put together a strong group of advisors who can tell him the right things on the economic front. if he can find market friendly faces and he will has to work with european and western institutions. i think there is hope. but he could take another route, which is in the last few years he has relied on autocrats like russia and the gulf countries. those countries injected cash into the turkish economy. if he does that i think more trouble is ahead for the economy. amna: when you look into the next five years, how do you see it? james: first of all, as was said, he has to get ahead of inflation. the turkish lira is now 22 the dollar and it may fall as much as 26 to 28 in the weeks ahead. that's the most important thing. he will maintain his transactional relationship. there will be no major

differences from what we've seen in the past. what russells and washington can do, and i think we seen with the congratulatory messages the first step, is try to work out modus operandi with this guy to try to advance common interests. but it will not be easy. he is a difficult leader to deal with, as we've seen. amna: all right, thank you both for joining us tonight. james: thank you. ♪ amna: after the murder of george floyd, school districts across the country reconsidered the presence of police in public schools. but as these districts deal with the constant threat of school shootings three years later, many are opting to reverse course, bringing police and school resource officers back on campus. stephanie sy has the details. stephanie: that's right, amna.

to give a few examples -- montgomery county, maryland schools reversed their decision to ban police following a shooting at a local high school. denver public schools suspended their 2020 policy, opting to return school resource officers to certain campuses. this was after two school administrators were shot earlier this year. and in alexandria, virginia, school resource officers have also been brought back after multiple incidents with weapons in schools. i'm joined now by franci crepeau-hobson, a professor at the university of colorado denver who focuses on school violence prevention. thank you for being with us. the police killing of george floyd brought to light all kinds of police abuse. remind us how school resource officers became part of the conversation about racialized police brutality. franci: there's quite a bit of research out there that shows the presence of school resource

officers and other types of law enforcement in the school setting is associated with disparate discipline rates for kids of color. so in schools that have school resource officers and other types of law enforcement, we tend to see kids of color being suspended and expelled at disproportionate rates. that's where that comes from. stephanie: an analysis found black students and students with disabilities were were ford -- referred to law enforcement at nearly twice the share of the overall student possible -- population. hasn't there also been discussion about having law enforcement on campus and how it contributes to the school to prison pipeline? franci: that's been quite a -- part of a conversation quite some time. stephanie: we wanted to include the perspective from someone representing the officers. here's what the executive director of the national association of school resource officers said about arrests of

students. >> if you ask just about any of our many thousands of members about arrests him a they would say they really do try to minimize that. they view arrests, if they have to make an arrest, it is a failure. we have so many more resources available to us in a school environment that we don't on the street. so rarely should you have to make an arrest in the school, especially lower-level misdemeanor arrests. though can easily be things that are handled through school discipline. stephanie: do you agree that it is the rare sro who decides to arrest a child or do you think law enforcement is too often taking the place of school administrators that might more appropriately respond to student misconduct? franci: i think the answer is it depends. if you have a properly trained

sro who is a true school resource officer -- and there is a memorandum of agreement between the officer and the school around what that person's role is, and their role should never ever be part of disciplinary procedures and practices. those folks are not owing to arrest kids at the same rates. however, there are schools where they have police officers, security personnel who are not properly trained and there's not a clear agreement around what is your role in our school. that's where those types of things tend to go awry where they are involved in school disciplinary procedures and you have administrators who over rely on those types of personnel to intervene when they really shouldn't be. stephanie: a lot of the reason we are having this conversation is because of mass shootings and

the number of shootings on american school campuses. too many parents have gotten the text alert on the phone saying the school is in lockdown, there is an active shooter. it is relatively rare but has become part of our collective fear. has taking school resource officers out of the mix put students at greater risk of violence? franci: that's a really good question and i don't know that we have the answer. prevention is a really difficult thing to study and because, as you mentioned, school shootings are still relatively rare, even though it doesn't feel like it, it makes it really difficult to determine what contributed to something happening somewhere versus somewhere else. school violence, particularly student perpetrated lethal violence, is a really complex problem and there is not a single solution. in some communities, having school resource officers might accents. but if we want to really focus in on how do we prevent school

perpetrated violence, we have to go beyond things of like school resource officers and other physical safety measures and start to focus on psychological safety as well. stephanie: professor, and you so much for joining the newshour with your insights. franci: thanks for having me. ♪ amna: more than a dozen gop-led states have passed legislation banning medical care for children who identify as transgender, with limits on a range of issues from healthcare to sports participation. that, as democratic-controlled states have sought to shore up protections. geoff bennett recently spoke with our communities reporters, gabrielle hays in missouri, adam kemp in oklahoma and frances wang in michigan about it all. geoff: gabby, we will start with

you in mid surrey -- missouri. there isn attempt to ban medical care. >> general andrew bailey withdrew his emergency ruling that he tried to put into place back in march and essentially what he was trying to do was to use an emergency rule in order to effectively ban gender affirming medical care for not only minors but adults. that's all pushed back almost immediately from the aclu, lambda legal and other organizations and also those organizations looked for a temporary restraining order from a judge, which was granted. however, now with the attorney general withdrawing his emergency ruling, their focus is no longer on that but on what moves the state legislature has made as well which also take a look at gender affirming care as well. geoff: there are two bills the i understand it. tell us about them and the

prospects of those pieces of legislation. gabrielle: i first want to note that the missouri governor mike parson made it clear this year that if those bills did not pass that he would call in a special session. so those bills did pass at the very end of the legislative session. one of them restricts trans athletes's participation in sports not only in the lower grades but i believe also college. the second bill also takes the aim at gender affirming care, but specifically for minors. now, advocates tell me that though the bills that the legislature have passed may not be as extreme as what the attorney general was trying to do, they are still discriminatory, they still go after trans rights and the identity of trans people in our state. their existence. and so advocates are looking for the governor to possibly veto those.

but they did pass the legislature. geoff: adam, in oklahoma where you are, the state legislature was following up on a 2022 band of transit students in youth sports with a ban on transition related medical care. adam: oklahoma governor k stitt earlier this month signed this bill into law that effectively bans gender affirming care here in the state for transgender youth. not only does it do that it also goes after providers here in the state, making it a felony conviction if they are caught providing that care and they are referred to their licensing board if they are caught giving that care. here's governor kevin stitt earlier this month after signing that bill. >> minors should not be permanently harmed or mutilated or have gender transition surgeries done. i think oklahomans agree with me on that. these are minors, they cannot get tattoos or by alcohol. they can't buy tobacco. we need to protect our minors.

this is nothing against an adult, if you want to get an elective surgery, that is something you do as an adult. but we do have an obligation to protect our children and i have confidence courts agree. adam: it's important to note that all major medical associations support gender affirming care, saying that it not only helps those with gender dysphoria, but, you know, bans like this really can further harm those communities. the aclu as well as several families here in oklahoma have already filed lawsuits saying that this violates their rights under the equal protection act of the 14th amendment. right now, the oklahoma attorney general says they will not prosecute under this law until those lawsuits are settled. geoff: what has been the immediate impact of the new law? adam:

here right now in oklahoma because what advocates and experts are seeing right now is an exodus of providers. they were already trying to transition to possibly other states or other fields of medicine, especially on the heels of oklahoma's total abortion ban last year, and so right now, it's leaving those seeking that care to turn to the internet to crowdfund for both, you know, expenses for both travel as well as these procedures. geoff: frances, you are in michigan, eight democratic-controlled legislature and governor. however they tried to codify protections for not just trans individuals but the greater lgbtq community? frances: in governor march, gretchen whitmer signed a bipartisan amendment expanding the states 1970's elliot larsen civil rights act to include discrimination protections for sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression. now advocates have been working to get lgbtq plus civil rights

protections since the 1970s. and michigan is now the 23rd state to codify these protections against discrimination. governor whitmer has said that guaranteeing equal legal protections to lgbtq plus michiganders is the right thing to do and will help businesses attract and retain talent. geoff: our communities correspondents. our thanks to the three of you. ♪ amna: an influx of migrants from earlier this year has overwhelmed some local governments on the u.s.-mexico border. in the border town of el paso, nearly 38,000 migrants have arrived since january. from the cronkite school of journalism in phoenix, reporter

ariana araiza introduces us to some of the volunteers stepping in to address migrants' health needs as they enter the united states. ariana: for migrants at this el paso, texas, clinic, a medical exam could be a life saver. many have endured the perilous journey to get to the u.s. border. glenn: many have pressing health care needs, needs for addressinn instances addressing the trauma of literally falling off the wall. ariana: that border wall is just a few blocks away. migrants have flooded into el paso in the past few months. their sheer numbers have strained the city's social safety net. dr. glenn fennelly chairs pediatrics at texas tech university el paso. he carves out time to volunteer at this clinic. glenn: many have walked in shoes that don't have proper soles, they have cactus needles in their feet. and many have shared stories of abuse, trauma, rape.

ariana: fennelly leads volunteers from texas tech's border health program. the clinic provides free medical and mental healthcare for migrants. >> usually the patients we see are here for acute clinical needs. ariana: medical studes like soroush omidvarnia say migrant'' health needs can be decades in the making. >> usually they haven't had proper clinical care in their life even before coming to the united states. so it's really important for us to not just provide care for the condition that just brings them to us but also find out what other needs they have. ariana: these volunteers are part of a larger humanitarian effort to reinforce an el paso medical system already overwhelmed by migrants. on the mexican side of the border, every day thousands of migrants cram into juarez after traveling sometimes hundreds or even thousands of miles. diana ureña is one of the lucky ones to make it into the united

states. but first she and her newborn son had to wait 16 days in juarez before their entry was processed. robbed on the journey, she has no money, so she bides her time at this shelter in el paso. ureña and her family left ecuador to escape gangs, making their way through the darien gap, a roadless jungle that's a dangerous passage point for migrants. diana: can you imagine living through that? in the jungle you see dead people, you see everything. on top of that, girls get raped. i had that fear the whole journey, for me and my daughter. ariana: solangi uscategi and her family experienced similar trauma on their trip from colombia. once here, uscategi's husband was arrested on an immigration violation, leaving her and her daughters stranded. solangi: i'm desperate. i feel helpless and alone, without my husband and money i feel helpless.

ariana: back at the medical clinic, the volunteer team does their work under the radar. the demand for health care is so high, the clinic would be overwhelmed if they advertised their services. dr. fennelly says it's a small solution borne of necessity. glenn: this is a humanitarian medical response to a man-made crisis. ariana: for these volunteers, welcoming and healing is how they battle this crisis. for the pbs newshour, i'm ariana araiza with cronkite news in el paso. ♪ amna: reclamation, resurgence, resilience. always to describe what is happening with native american fashion and art as it becomes

more visible. our reporter met one artist creating more authentic designs and is working with a non-native company to reconcile past wrongs. reporter: at her home, adrian benjamin is part of a growing resurgence in native american design. >> i'm a designer, i feel like i am a teaching artist first. reporter: she has been selling regalia and attire for decades. when she was young, and elder taught her how to make jingle dresses and ribbon skirts to keep the cultural tradition alive. now her close regularly sellout on social media. and the looks are not just for pow-wows anymore. >> when i think about it, i think it is reclamation in a big way. even peggy flanagan to be seen,

visual representation out there, what that does that for other indigenous people in general is crazy. reporter: minnesota lieutenant governor peggy flanagan is the highest ranking native american elected to executive office. u.s. interior secretary deb haaland is a member of the pueblo of laguna. she became the first native american sworn in as a cabinet secretary. both made their indigenous identities visible. >> one of the products we carry is natvs, natives, they have a clothing line, a lot of different t-shirts. reporter: it wasn't always like that. boarding schools forced generations of native americans to be ashamed of who they were. few could make a living off their art. and that's why it matters now. >> another company is round lake tradition, that's herb fineday, he is also a fond du lac number. reporter: there are also ribbon skirts, sweatshirts and hats.

and the number of native clothing brands is growing. >> it's wonderful to see people coming here, especially the kids and younger people that want to start wearing these items and take pride in their culture and be able to represent their culture by having a clothing line that is for them and designed by people like them. reporter: today's focus on native designers and art is an act of resilience to decades of cultural appropriation by non-native companies. zimmerman says anything that uses generic or romanticized native imagery is probably not authentic. how is cultural appropriation harmful? >> for one thing, american indian artists aren't getting credited for their work, and with the electoral property rights and things like that, native americans -- let's say they have a beaver design and it is appropriated and put on a shirt and someone is selling it, you just ripped off my art.

reporter: but it's complicated. some big name companies that have appropriated native designs for years are also beloved by many native americans. some are now trying to make amends. jori miller sherer is president and a fourth-generation family member at minnetonka. her great grandfather got involved with the company in 1946. her grandfather joined soon after. >> it was really at that time a gift shop souvenir company. that was a time in our country people were going on road trips. reporter: the native-inspired moccasin became the best-seller. >> 77 years, for the majority of that time, did not understand cultural appropriation. i would say in the last decade we've really started to think about it and start to begin to understand what it was and what we were doing. and there were a few years we were paralyzed by fear.

reporter: but in 2019 the company reached out to adrienne benjamin, who became a reconciliation advisor. sherer says the company's culture and midwestern nature was to stay quiet. but george floyd was murdered in minneapolis. and with benjamin's help, minnetonka started to change. >> if you're going to do this and do it right, you have to do some serious looking in the mirror and you have to face things and be open and get past initial self-defense feelings. in summer of 2020, we published an apology on our website and talked about it very clearly. we called it appropriation, so we acknowledged what it was. we apologized and we said come back and check in the fall, we will have more of a plan. reporter: minnetonka also

changed its logo. and it collaborated with adrienne benjamin on a line of beaded hats, and with another native american designer, lucy skejfte, on a new beaded moccasin design. the company also donates to native american non-profits. but change takes time. a culturally appropriated beaded thunderbird design is still in its product line. sherer, who is in her late 30s says that too is getting a , makeover. it's these efforts that have convinced benjamin the company wants to do better. >> that revolution has to come through li ship and i know a lot of people don't think that in that is ok, but i think people can and deserve an opportunity to write their wrongs. reporter: for the pbs newshour, i'm kaomi lee in st. paul. ♪

amna: on this memorial day, we hear from the president, secretary of defense, and the chair of the joint chiefs. they all participated in the annual commemoration of this solemn day at arlington national cemetery and spoke of sacrific remembrance, grief, and the last full measure of devotion so many have given, so that the united states might endure. ♪ >> today, we once again gather in this sacred place at this solemn hout to honor -- solemn our to honor solemn heroes. >> where we stand here, sentinels watch over washington, d.c. but now it serves a more solemn purpose, it is the final resting place for our nations bravest.

a quiet testament to their sacrifice. >> we must never forget the lives, these flacks, flowers -- flags, flowers and marble markers represent. a mother, father, a son and daughter, a sister, a spouse. a friend. an american. >> every fallen hero has a story. it is our duty to remember those we have lost. it is our honor to stand with their families. >> every year we remember and every year it never gets easier. >> our nations fallen are not only represented on these hallowed grounds, they are represented on every piece of land where american blood has been spilled. sailors life forever entombed in

the uss arizona, resting on the seabed at pearl harbor. and the white headstones of nine -- of 9387 americans in tried -- enshrined in france overlooking the sands of omaha beach. as well as the more than 81,500 americans who still rain missing , sons and daughters, brothers and sisters who never returned home. the search for these missing will continue. ["taps" plays] >> 155 years ago, our ancestors stood here and asked themselves what brought our heroes to this hallowed ground? today we must ask ourselves what can we do? what must we do to pull the vision for which they lived and they died?

today it is on all of us, all of us, to show that sacrifice was not in vain. ♪ amna: a day to remember, reflect and give our thanks. that is the newshour for tonight. i'm amna nawaz. on behalf of the entire newshour team, thank you for joining us. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by -- ♪ >> cunard is a proud supporter of public television. on a voyage with cunard, the world awaits. a world of flavor, diverse destinations and immersive experiences. a world of entertainment and

british style. all with cunard's white star service. >> architect. beekeeper. mentor. a raymond james financial advisor tailors advice to help you live your life. life, well-planned. >> the kendeda fund, committed to advancing restorative justice and meaningful work through investments in transformative leaders and ideas. more at kendedafund.org. ♪ supported by the john d. and catherine t. macarthur foundation, committed to building a more just, verdant, and peaceful world. more information at macfound.org. and with the ongoing support of these institutions -- ♪

this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs news station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy.]

introducing a technological achievement so advanced... it rivals the moon landing. wow! ok. rude. that's one small step for man.

one giant leap for mankind. ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ -today on "america's test kitchen", lan makes julia roast chicken with couscous, roasted red peppers, and basil. jack talks all about grains. dan reveals the holographic potential of chocolate. and erin makes bridget rhubarb upside down cake. it's all coming up right here on "america's test kitchen."