[000:00:00;00] the the best says deed of the news, advocates coming up on the program is democracy in synagogue spending the test of time for my rest and the positions vegas to postpone in presidential elections and it goes them across the have inputs to the test. but i think is about to turn around also in a program, access to clean war tides becoming more difficult on the continents, due to climate change and population growth. we look at how some countries are fights and back gonna we means one community that celebrating at the safe drinking

water is brought to close out to home. and from the sea wage to the tops project in the media ice 10 in what's flushed down the toilet is a clean water. we'll hear how it's done and what people think about drinking their own waste. the i am eddie mike, a junior and you are welcome to the program. or will i co styles, events and cynical, has been tested in the countries commitments to democratic principles and practices fast. the elections were cancelled by precedents, microsoft leading to protest on political unrest. this tanisha to the west african nations reputation for being one of the top stable democracies in africa. the region as experienced southern military take well this and the last 3 years of entity,

although weeks delayed presidential elections were allowed to go ahead by the country's highest court still though positions i guess, since then a gulf here that demographic has been severely damaged about how the last few months, really we came to the democratic system or hasn't made it stronger, is that even still on opposite sides for them across the on the continent, will shortly get the thoughts of on experts but fast. let's look at the house and a go. got to this point it's been a typo, charged presidential election campaign of 2 weeks of confusion. most voters want only one thing, and that's to move forward. the country needs change. we are going to change this country on pulling di by choosing the best candidate the miles on love with that. but the good thing to vote because we want change in our country. it's hot in synagogue. there are

a lot of texas and i buy the contract and was the want change when people on someone who would take synagogue look forward of them. but i know that means moving on from outgoing president mackey south. he was elected 12 years ago on the promise of widespread reforms including reducing the power of his own office, which unrest has grown along with government disapproval, sent a goal and normally stable democracy, suddenly finding itself in turmoil. then came self decision to delay the election, racing fears he tried to hold on to power and legally, the opposition cooling into constitutional cool. the result, more protests, many of the demonstrate is the same young people who broke solved to power. now, to solutions and angry, dozens were killed and hundreds more rested, including high profile of position. lead is they, along with hundreds of prisoners, were released off to send a goal,

is constitutional quotes intervened and put the elections back on track with the about a, with the departure of mackie cell and the release of the detainees feel this has been helping to reduce tensions to new, so i'm going to be and that means that we can move towards a peaceful election. i've been, i mean i be you next. you'll busy. many hoping center goals headlines will soon spell out political change while living up to the countries image as a beacon of stability into hit west africa. from that guy, a mile joined by a political analyst, chris of google day day. hello and welcome to the program. chris. first tell us, what are the key factors that help set a goal, stay on the pop of democratic as well. first of all of the people, i think this is

a great deal of credit for the collective response to what was essentially a civilian. who were you, had the president decided unilaterally that the election wasn't going to take place because of the conditions that you've given. audrey and is the reasons, but he was essentially done without any consultation, and he need not to be decided that the initial be postponed. and the people in cynical men, women, and children, simply thought that's unacceptable that it'd be deaf ways heard impressing as well as a digital species, as well as the at the ask for, i know other countries and that sort of uh, creative feedback into the international community. who pressure the, the president on political institutions incentive go to respond to the so i would

give the credits 1st and foremost to send it to these people before any or the, some parts of the site. it's a, it's, it's really interesting that you, you focus on the people and as you say, due to the price out from the people, the institutions insights and a go daddy also worked to get, get to the point that we are now. now we've seen in recent years, countries like looking at fossil molly, these yeah, they've already said that from democracy to military who, who the people well so involved in many cases we need sharing on the military who and to us the, you know, move the country from democracy to military rules. so why is this such a growing a position to them across the you think? and i would uh, push back against that characterization of the uh, well push back against democracy or rejection of democracy as trustworthy is

a great deal of pulling that actually some points out that the africans, including wished for guns do support democracy when defended. and of course, i find them over 60, if you choose to be fine with the civilian who was covered by frequent elections and things like that. they do support that. however, the also called these that the fact that civilian elected civilian need is in recent decades and using kids have failed to delete the dividends of democracy in terms of prosperity, security. you know, social cohesion, you know, menu easily does have read de la chose, i've committed terrible human rights abuses, happy to go to some corruption. i know the phones or i'll governance. so when you combine all of the, the domestic situation i've just described, plus the fact that many of these b does have fact by the western powers that friends on the united states. many people see, oh, there's simply no compulsion for them to defend democracy. isaac's practice,

and the thing about that is that the military, many of these countries, is a very respect fitness to show each spite of each past. and secondly, more visible once a, when people feel you know what the started squeezing working. they were listening to an alternative promising evidence that that's no, you need to west africans. so what are we saying here? then if people see them across the us, it is, is generally not 7 the needs or the interest of my job off in these most cases, young people, what, what shall be done then? well i think the what should be doing is generally not a question that easily be resolved. i think part of the problem is that many of these countries, um, essentially babysit democratic tab seamlessly states where they go to independence . many of them spend 20 a few years on the, you know, civilian route before they are we thinking about like the military and countries

like imagine the jake book, you know, 5. so the manager is frankly, it has to be about the list for big life. the military has always government babies when, when the pod so gods been with us. they've been retired generals or something like that. so there's a big fund they most wanted a motor. was doing the young just having to make sure that is election electronics and only most weak democracy. and i think that's, that's the question that has not really been upset by the certainly since the end of the quote when many of these countries had to transition to democracy. that has come to the assumption that simply holding elections is the bar only talk democracy on time. but again, that's proven to be false, or simply really simply doing not sofa looking for oil. i know the natural resources and selling them on the international market. that's all that constitutes an economics, so they are much more foundational questions about how to run the society that i

think needs to be as i'd be for elections. i simply means most, you know, trying to build a society, but that it's not the only means that many people see what like electronics have taken so much will be pre domino, much more structure of the foundational issues in the society. so in my view, that needs to be much broad. a question about what constitutes a society simply more beyond st. people within that it shows every 4 or 5 years. what, what do you see in the near future? how often mistake should we be? that african countries will stay on the path of democracy and even improve it and make it better as well. i personally am fairly um, optimistic or the cautious the soap. because like, as i said, you know, in the, in the segment, when you look across the board, you know, when you don't narrow in, on a couple of the countries and you look across the board, civilian democratic government, i still the know, you know, now it's west when he gets into a specific context, the some feeder agency is that,

you know, they're so different situations, you know, the levels of democratic participation on a competitive elections, institutional be core. but all of these things very elected civilian government at the know. so at least that's some place to start to meet the much more important question as to what end do you practice democracy? how will democratic re deliver, you know, the benefits of civil democratic governments? because i think one thing you see, so can meet with a lot of the surveys and findings across the country and is that people to support democracy will be seen as a means to why they don't see it. they chose as an end to them. so that's what i've seen. this is like, by the way, people feel because the democracy these projects hasn't worked. so let's try something is that that's why you see this is like the share, my, the, you know, 1st would be home does, i'll go to the, uh, the, the home tags which hold it and it shows the candidates, the back would likely went. so i think they are going insights, basically speaking that don't wait a means of democrats seems to be

a democratic who is much more important than to me if i, the hobbies, civilian is 2 shots. right. thank you very much for your time. political analysts, chris, but one more day. i us. thank you. now let's focus on one of our most precious resources. what about the lack of it in places across the continent? how do we present it? and can we make sure there was enough of it for future generations that you an estimate stuff at least to in every 3 people in sub saharan africa do not consistently have access to safe drinking water? yes, you had the right. that's 2 in 3 in line with that. 3 and 4 are without access to safely managed sanitation. among the facts, nations have lost about 5 percent of the gross domestic products, gdp in the reasons yes,

the you and says that fixing the problem will be where the investment costing only one to 4 percent of g d p. from all of those, let's bring in profess i craig, sorry. then he's the right to all the sense i and what type of research and development at the vets university. in south africa, i have a welcome to the program say, why is it so difficult to ensure that everybody has access to enough potable water across the continent as well it's, it's a fairly complex question and it has to be considered in the context of what's happening in africa at the moment, when we think about the car rental, to like ridiculous ation systems that we see across much of the developed world. these are large, expensive systems that are typically piped into people's homes. that cost a lot, they need a lot of energy to run. and you know, the rest and world in particular has been doing this for quite a long time. part of the difficulty in africa is veronica having this huge

population explosion at the moment. i'm in fact, if you look at the projections, there's something might come out of a to better than the africans that are about to arrive over the next 2 years or so . and most of them are not going to be living in formal housing. begin to be living and informal, safe comments? that's, that's part of the answer to your question but, but it's a really complex question. hm. so we're planning talking about a challenge of increasing population contribution to why it's, it's quite difficult to access potable. what's that? so then let's, let's, let's look at how to do with this, what needs to be done to address the, what the problem in lights of this challenge. so there's a number of things that we have to look at. so one of them is it certainly any way, wherever we have systems that are all working where we have pipes has been supported to people, we've got to focus on maintaining the systems wherever we have systems we. we have sewage treatment,

we've got to keep like doing that and not that those fonts fail because obviously storage in our rivers makes my taught it to access key more to at the same time we've got to consider the sort of new and maybe even radical ways of, of providing new sources of what to you know, one of the areas that i think we need to be seriously considering is searching or economy thinking where we go to full of water reclamation. and another challenge with africa is that we have very high evaporation. so, you know, almost all the rain fall across the continent will ultimately evaporate if you haven't looked at the rates of evaporation and the, the rates of rainfall. and that's also in the context of that, it's a really big consonant. every location is eaten so he can meet the best bug solution. and this is complex, and it's particularly complex when you've got lots of people moving around and being bone and not being provided homes to live in necessarily. right, that kind of thing. what else that credit will get back to you after looking at how

it country like gonna is trying to address? that's what top problems that you and estimates that more than 70 percent of guardian households at risk of drinking water that is contaminated with fecal matter. in some parts of the country, people have to travel at least 30 minutes to reach have improved sol, solved, drinking water, or mike league maxwell. soup reports that in northwest and gonna, the government is setting up the ball hose to bring war tact close out to people. a celebration for clean water. this community has just gotten a new bull hole. it will be life changing. the women have never had such pure water. almost at the doorstep. they long daily woke to a stream is all over the ceiling. let's see, it's bundle off and you can step on a snake while going to fetch water from the stream and you might end up being bitten, submit. well, but it has been

a big problem and this community is not the stuff for medical schools, but now that we have this before whole by our homes, that old deal is over in new. so not like it's been many gets sick when drinking water from sophie is like streams and dams because animals also drink from the sources, the water can become polluted and lead to life threatening illnesses that are often difficult to treat is i see less than because almost all districts data for the increase in these numbers in the number of this therefore it's casey. so in the number of data cases and a lot of hospitals. so, so do get time for free shifts where they have to do say varies to cut part of the test and that is fearfully type. the ways that we look connected for children and teenagers of school age searching most often also means less education. comforts

has had to miss many classes, especially during the dry season when reservoirs have shrunk. to the positive 40. when you come here in the morning, it is usually crowded with people waiting to fetch water. as it goes, as a school girls have got, if it is your turn to fetch, you will miss class that day. the regional governments has taken sometimes it's of steps to address the issue and has been drilling bull holes in ne, gonna what is development? what is life? so where around to the regions of the notes? i realize that's come on probably face by almost over again. and this one was what? so we decided of, let's begin with something. so we start that with the $120.00 balls. has the water flows?

jennifer rejoices, she is convinced. she and her baby to come home now have a better future it to be a month at the end, the month up. i will no longer be worried about water. when i go to my farm and stuff with the color face down button on our color nuclear we uh, fox low getting boats. uh, in genesis community has gotten easier, but not everyone in the region was being so lucky. the government will have to drill a lot mobile homes before there was enough clean water. so everybody let's bring back a guest that credit started, then director of the same type of what type of research and development at the bits universities that i forgot. thanks for staying with us. great. got us. government will have to drill a lot small ball holes to address it's boards that challenges. but is that a sustainable solution anywhere? it's part of a sustainable solution. it ground water is a renewable resource. if you're in

a country like on of which is quite recent in the socket, might very will work to what's the most that might be problems with you. you're becoming more into the sort of the whole area. if there isn't that enough ran the bull holes can dry and the bull holes all of a use, they have a potential to dry out. there is also a risk with bull holes just because you're getting water off the ground doesn't mean it's not contaminated with either of fecal matter or other forms of chemical contamination. in fact, the ground can even have other materials which might be quite toxic for you. so again, it's all about managing the risks associated with these different sources and different locations, but certainly it's part of the solution professor, correct sir. then direct office, i'm tired of what i research and development other bits university. thank you very much. there are even more innovative and sustainable ways to address what that's outages. but since you have been to look in,

the media has been around in the facility that might work as a role model solution for what task as regions. but it involves drinking the water . you flush down your toilet. what if i told you that the water that had been used for these? all of these could be used for this. how to the direct potable reuse system, which works like this. the process begins by collecting your debt to water from domestic in industrial sources. the water then undergoes a rigorous multi stage treatment process that involves advance boots, ration, and disinfection, impurities, pathogens and contaminants all remove to ensure the water needs safe drinking standards. what's the, what is purified? it's integrated into the team, what a supply system to africa. this could be a game changer. a closed loop system would reduce the need for fresh water sources, which is crucial for meeting growing population demands and come back in climate

change. africa news is about $340.00 median use annually to full access to clean water and sanitation services. 5 percent of the continents g, d, p the system could be a big money saver, which is potential to mitigate losses, improve health and safe time. dpr represents a sustainable approach to water management. pretty impressive isn't that. maybe as carpets open talk is between 2 major that's, that's the kind of harvey and then i'm making what are scarce commodity. so the direct potable reuse the systems is the welcome contribution to solving the problem of what to discuss it to use diane hawkeye. when to the capital, to look at how the production of we used water has become the lifeline for the residents. that the communal tax like these are

a lifeline in informal settlements like this one, invented uh, total amount of the water that comes out is cheap. and for those on the receiving end, the process seem simple or in choose, it's the product of a high take process, which many know little about right as though to deal with this, i have been living here for the last 20 years, but i don't know where the water comes from it changes color, sometimes it is brownish, but i don't know if the water is recycled or not having that much of what she drinks comes from the 40 on cub water. we can imagine plant processes, domestic sewage, to take the water out and make it thinkable. to do this, the plant seems treated waste water 2 full tracing and chemical treatment process. regular teeth are conducted in the bar cheese to ensure the water meet global send

and the boat to take samples on a daily basis from different areas in windows and test the water for compliance. they will immediately alert us when this one or 2 samples out of space, and then we will react and see what, how serious these and to take action. the project was the 1st of its kind in the world. and 1st started decades ago in the 60s window resources, water resources was about to, to run dry. and to the municipality of the time. decided there's only one a solution to that, and that is to reclaim your domestic a sewage treated to a portable senate entity uses. the current plant

has been in operation since 2002 and supplies between 15 and 25 percent of the tons overall water. it has also served as a model for other countries and come to a plant to learn more about the process toward the clean enough. and that's how we wrap it up from all of our star is going to dw comes by as africa or visit us on social media platforms will leave you with pictures from the 13th african games and gonna as that leads competes for supremacy . i eddie micah julia. so you next time,

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