is detail the news from berlin. you'll find more information on our website, d, w dot com. oh, carbon neutral energy, new medicines to treat cancer or cove it and foldable screens. thanks to quantum computers. these could be innovations of the future. for years, scientists have been confident that these processors will be the next big tech revolution. but how far have developers really come, and what can we gain quantum computers? that's our topic today on shift. ah, quantum computers won't be replacing our laptops or smartphones but apart from developing new medicines and materials, i think one aspect is especially interesting. quantum computers can perform complex simulations, like predicting extreme weather very accurately across the globe. developers are

trying to create computers with the highest amount of cubits a. cuba is the most basic unit of quantum computing. the more cubits a computer has, the more information it can process. many companies like i b, m and google are competing to develop the most advanced quantum computer. google's quantum computer recently simulated a warm hole, the holy grail and physics. so what are they doing in these quantum laps after sending countless e mails? we were finally able to visit the google quantum a. i live in santa barbara in the us. an incredible experience outside the sun is shining inside the lab. some areas have temperatures of minus $273.00 degrees celsius. the lab is run by german scientist half wouldn't even widely recognized as a pioneer in quantum computing. ah, is somewhat unremarkable building is where hot was mavin wants to revolutionize the tech world. it's located on a separate high security part of the university campus in santa barbara,

california. here the german scientist and head of google's quantum e i lab is working on a processor that could solve all the problem. a class a computer can't floods thought was what a think many would agree said most pressing problem of all times. that is so climate change would be marvelous to have a nuclear fusion reactor. now nuclear fusion reaction is when 2 nuclei which are both positively charged, come close enough together so that they snap together on form the new nucleus. and then some energy is released. some scientists hope that this could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. on the traditional power plants nuclear fusion does not release any carbon dioxide and just to positively charged nuclear,

they don't wanna come close together as like as kits. we know when we have 2 magnets in other houses, same polarity, they don't want to come close together. so this process to properly model it, uncommon to mechanical laws are required. so it stands to reasons that quentin processor would help us hastens the design of nuclear fusion reactor. when quantum computers were still just a theoretical concept, hartman made an already believed in their potential. and his passion has convinced others after his doctorate. he does research at one of the most renowned universities in the usa. maven co founded 2 companies developing facial recognition technology. one of those companies was acquired by google and laid the foundation for google glasses. glasses with an integrated computer in 2013 hartman even started working on the quantity i lab for google.

i have spent many years in the field of computer vision and machine learning to train a machine learning system to train a newer network, for example, to recognize certain objects in an image. you have to solve type of problem that's known as an optimization problem. and it has been proven analytically. zach cronum processes can solve these problems more efficiently when the company entail presented the 1st quantum chip with 49 cubits. with much fanfare in las vegas in 2019 mavin announced in a small blog entry that his team had already built a chip with $72.00 cubits. shortly thereafter, he claimed to have proven the functionality of the google quantum computer. 200 seconds for a computational task that would take 10000 years on a super computer,

ibm and many others are doubtful. hartman even is a leading scientist in quantum physics, but that doesn't change the fact that it will take years until a workable quantum computer will have been developed. quantum computers can compute very quickly that there aren't many practical ways to use them yet. they're also prone to errors and programming and production is very complex. quantum electronics engineer marissa justina, explains what these computers could mean for the future. quantum computers won't replace laptops or pcs, but they will assist them. it probably won't see it much in your day to day life. oh, so one on computer is not a replacement for a regular computer. it's more of an assistant to the regular computer. i to make a transportation analogy, when humans were wanting to travel to the moon,

it is clear that you're, you need a rocket, you need some kind of technology that's different from what we used to get around on the ground. now we have this technology is, it does not change the way you go to the grocery store. so similarly, having a quantum computer will not likely change the way you do your day to day activities . but it will be a research tool that allows for possibly revolutionary changes in, for example, materials development or pharmaceutical development. so the way you will experience it more would be kind of the 2nd level effects. medicines could become more efficient and affordable thanks to quantum computers. they can simulate molecular structures in a matter of seconds and calculate the combination of active ingredients which could replace, testing them and laboratories. this would enable pharmaceutical companies to develop and release medicines much faster. we can also benefit from quantum

computers when it comes to traffic. the quantum computers were able to process very large amounts of data in seconds. they could calculate routes, taking traffic, lights and speed limits into account keeping traffic flowing. future quantum computers will be good at testing many different scenarios to find the best one. why are they more efficient at this than so called super computers? well, they used the roles of quantum mechanics which apply to microcosmic process if the principle of quantum mechanics suggest that particles can exist in 2 separate locations at once. having the value of 0 and $1.00 sensor complicated, check this out, laptops, calculators, or smartphones. they all use the information unit bit which can appear as either one or 0. quantum computers is the laws of quantum physics instead, and work with quantum bits or cubits. rather than switching between 0 and one

cubits can be both simultaneously or appear as something in between. this principle is called superposition and can be explained by using coins to represent one bit heads or tails need to be on talk. it's clear one or 0 to represent a cubit of the coin rotates rather than being limited to either being heads or tails. the coin is both quantum computers can calculate simultaneously where conventional computers calculate sequentially. this makes quantum processors fast and efficient more cubits mean more computing power. this computing power rises exponentially according to the number of possible states. one cubit can take on 2 values simultaneously, 2 cubits can take on 4 and 20 cubits can take on more than 1000000.

quantum supremacy in tech circles, that's what they call the point in time. when quantum computers will have overtaken super computers, scientists around the world are competing to create chips with the highest amount of cubits. the technological challenges are huge. so far google's quantum computers only work in lap conditions and extremely cold temperatures and isolated from the environment. quantum electronics engineer marissa justina, is responsible for creating ideal conditions for the cubits at quantum. a i lab to this hardware, actually is just a refrigerator, it's warmest at the top and it gets colder as you go down. people often show pictures of some system that looks like this and they go look at that big quantum computer. actually, the only thing that's quantum in there is the small silicon chip which is down inside some layers of packaging in here. the quantum chip is just as big as a finger nail. it sits at the bottom of this nearly 2 meter long construction of

cables, metal sheets, and conductors. marissa justine as responsibility is to make sure that everything is connected properly. she runs the so called device packaging t o. in order to show that quantum effects, it has to be operated if very cold, dark environment or colder than outer space. and then we have to be able to send signals from room temperature electronics all the way into the christ. i to reach the processor, interact with the quantum processor, and then the signals up to come out again. and i'm responsible for getting that processor to be in a good environment where the cubits can operate at their potential job welding the technology onto the chip requires clinical precision and building quantum computers has more challenges. since they use different laws than normal computers, they are also extremely difficult to program. how do we control their control

signals that we send in? how do we make sense of the measurement signals? we get out and use them? there are a number of different technology areas that we need to develop, each of which has a little bit of, of ambiguity in it, or sometimes a lot of ambiguities and you need them to all line up at the end and end god become a working functional system marissa justina predicts that quantum computers will be used in about 5 to 10 years. but whether quantum chips will be used in the future is not just a question of technological progress. but of money to a study by boston consulting group has found that using quantum computers costs up 230025000 euros an hour by comparison, using a traditional cloud computer costs less than a cent per hour. another interesting aspect is, who invests and quantum research apart from tech companies states to are investing

. china tops the table with 14000000000 euros or than all other countries combined . one reason for estate interest in quantum computers is that they could hack into a digital encryption method. this would have consequences for crypto wallets chats, health data and military tactics. what do you think? will quantum technology change your life? he'll illnesses or even slow down climate change, i'm sure as to see which areas will make a quantum leap. and what that means for us. we'd love to hear from you for now by and see as soon, ah, with interest in the global economy. our portfolio d w. business beyond. here's a closer look at the project. our mission. to analyze the

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