congressional direct with bio and contact information for every house and senate member of the 118th congress, important information on congressional committees, the president's cabinet, federal agencies and state governors. the congressional directory costs $32.95 plus shipping and handling and every purchase helps support our nonprofit operation. scan the code on the right or go to c-spanshop.org. >> this month u.s. supreme court heral argument in the case on whether forresint donald trump has residential ty against criminal prosecution for his alleged role in an attempt to overturn the 2020 t 2020 election result. we will have live coverage ay april 25 beginnit 10 a.m.astern on c-span, c-span now our free mobile video app and online at c-span.org.

>> c-span najam filtered view of government. we have funded by the companies and more including comcast. >> are you thinking this is just a community center? it's way more than that. >> comcast is partnering with 1000 can be centers to create wi-fi enabled lift zones so students from low income families can get the tools they need to be ready for anything. >> ccast supports c-span as a public service along with these other television providers giving to a front seat to democracy. >> we take you live now to the floor of the senate working on reauthorization of the foreign intelligence surveillance act today. which allows for the what was tracking of noncitizens outside the united states. the provision expires tonight at midnight. you are watching live coverage of the senate here on c-span2.

the presiding officer: the senate will come to order. the chaplain dr. barry black will lead the senate in prayer. the chaplain: let us pray. eternal father, strong to save, let your still small voice echo down time's corridors to renew our lawmakers and to lift their vision of one nation under god. inspire them to dedicate themselves to eternal values and to be unafraid of the consequences of following the highest starreds. may they run from the success

purchased at the cost of cowardice and cunning. lord, guide them by your living word, as you infuse them with a spirit of service, a vision of excellence, and a passion for truth. help them to see that nothing can separate them from your love. and, lord, we thank you for the exemplary life of your servant, joe lieberman. we pray in your holy name. amen. the presiding officer: please join me in reciting the pledge of allegiance to the flag. i pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states of america,

and to the republic for which it stands, one nation under god, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. the presiding officer: the clerk will read a communication to the senate. the clerk: washington d.c., april 19, 2024. to the senate: under the provisions of rule 1, paragraph 3, of the standing rules of the senate, i hereby appoint the honorable chris van hollen, a senator from the state of maryland, to perform the duties of the chair. signed: patty murray, president pro tempore. the presiding officer: under the previous order, the leadership time is reserved. morning business is closed. under the previous order, the senate will resume consideration of the motion to proceed to h.r.

7888 which the clerk will report. the clerk: motion to proceed to calendar number 365, h.r. 7888, an act to reform the foreign intelligence surveillance act of 1978.

we have ukrainian military with our troops and iraq and afghanistan. we have three democracies being tortured. ukraine, israel and taiwan and i think the republicans are doing a disfavor this insurance franchising three to 4 million ukrainians that will vote mostly democratic because republicans are dropping the bull on support

for ukraine, israel and taiwan. i want to end this by saying there's a 57 year republican folder ever since i got out of the service and i will be thinking twice on whether to vote in this next election. thank you. >> good morning, everybody. i've been listening to a.i. and i'm getting upset. vietnam marine. i cannot believe the republicans want to sell out ukraine. let them sons and daughters i

and as far as the lady doesn't wait, it's true, maybe but trump is a coward, it's proven. my sister had at the same time. he can't because he was a coward. that's all i've got to sit. senate will continue working today to pacify sa reauthorization. we're -- fisa reauthorization. we're still trying to see if

there's a path to get through this quickly. the work is not done so we're going to keep at it. we want to get fisa done as soon as we can because it's very important for our national security, but as everyone knows, any one member can halt progress in this chamber so both sides need to fully cooperate if we want to get fisa done. so for the information of my colleagues, members should plan to be here over the weekend if necessary to work on both fisa and the supplemental. the house is scheduled to take up the supplemental tomorrow. it would at last deliver critical aid for ukraine, israel, the indo-pacific and humanitarian assistance. we will see how things go in the lower chamber over the next day or so. and i hope the house gets this legislation passed without further delay. if the house sends a supplemental package, the senate will move expeditiously to send it to the president's desk and

the president has said if congress passes the supplemental, he will sign it. i hope the house gets this done very soon because delay on this national security funding has cost america and cost our allies dearly. i met yesterday with the ukrainian prime minister who told me just how difficult the war has become for ukrainian fighters who are now running out of ammo and air defenses and other basic needs. he told me that if america doesn't stand with ukraine, they will lose the war. simple as that. in a few months the house has sat -- in the few months that the house has sat on the supplemental funding, the war has clearly turnedin russia's favor. -- turned in russia's favor. munition stores have expanded and they enjoy support from north korea, iran and china. putin has long bet that sooner or later america's support for ukraine will wayne. he said months ago that the free

stuff from america is going to eventually run out. we dare not prove him right. because if he sees that the united states will not stop him in ukraine, he may well conclude we won't stop him if he keeps going. and on the other side of the world, the chinese communist party may look at america's abandonment of ukraine and wonder if we will similarly show weakness in the indo-pacific. imagine the kind of signal american inaction would send to our friends in japan and in the philippines. imagine what it would say to the people of taiwan. that is not a world we want to live in. protecting democracy is not for the faint of heart. sometimes it requires us to make difficult choices, but that is what -- precisely what the american people september us here to do. i hope -- sent us here to do. i hope we can finish the job very, very soon. now, on chips and science, yesterday, is i shared that micron, one of the most important chip manufacturers in

the united states and the world, is receiving over $6 billion from my chips and science law to help build two megafans in central -- megafabs in central new york and idaho. this is a monumental step forward for syracuse, upstate new york and the country. this is one of the largest single federal direct investments for upstate new york. we've had a number of chips funding announcements recently, but this is the very first one specifically for memory chips, which will become especially important as technologies like a.i. boost demand for these ch chips. best of all, this award will lead to 50,000 new good-paying jobs, and it will help micron reach its goal of investing well over $100 billion plus to make advanced memory chips here in the united states. so, i will say it again, because it is truly good news -- with the chips and science law, we are rebuilding upstate

new york with good-paying middle-class jobs, one microchip at a time. we're rebuilding not just new york, but communities from ohio to texas to arizona and beyond. and, the benefits in those states will spread as subcontractors and other suppliers around the country are called upon. most importantly, the investments made by chips and science will mean lower costs for american consumers in the long run. we'll be less vulnerable to supply chain disruptions like we saw in covid, which spent prices skyrocketing on all sorts of electronic devices. by bringing chip production back here to the u.s., we can avoid this in the future. this is precisely what i envisioned when i led the way on chips and science, working closely with bipartisan members in the senate and with the president and with secretary raimondo. let me thank president biden and secretary raimondo for helping make these investments possible.

with their vision and leadership, we're bringing manufacturing back to the u.s., we're revitalizing middle-class families, we're giving communities left behind a second chance with new investments, new jobs, new opportunity. getting chips and science was not easy. it took a lot of convincing and persistence, but today we're starting to see why that effort was worth it. one announce ninety at a time, america -- one announcement at a time, america is securing its place as a leader in the global semiconductor industry in this century. i yield the floor and note the absence of a quorum. the presiding officer: the clerk will call the roll. quorum call: the clerk: ms. baldwin.

you should always take care of yourself. to hell with everybody else. >> all right. today starts the fourth day of the trump criminal trial and manhattan.

yesterday, this is what former president trump said when he talked to reporters after spending the day in court north carolina, the disinformation campaign. experts say it is not a case. it is ridiculous. all of these on how -- this

record and also by them. the cook. take a look at all of these, you see them here. [inaudible] everybody is outraged. >> also yesterday, terry kennedy, rfk's daughter and philadelphia -- ican leader is r. mr. mcconnell: i ask consent that further proceedings under

the quorum call be dispensed with. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. mcconnell: for the past 16 years, federal law enforcement and intelligence professionals have used section 702 of the foreign intelligence surveillance act to identify and minimize foreign threats to u.s. national security. the carefully targeted authorities established back in 2008 are an essential tool for staying in step ahead of non-u.s. persons who seek to harm the american people. but unless the senate acts today, those authorities will end tonight. our friends in the house understood the threat, on a bipartisan basis they spent

months working to craft sensible reforms to guard against future ab abuses, made changes to adapt the program to meet the demands of new technologies, and took tough votes against amendments that may sound good but would actually kill the program. the house deserves credit for reforming and reauthorizing this essential authority. now the senate's choice is clear -- we can pass the house's reform bill or, given the late hour and political reality, we can essentially doom the program to go dark. pass the house reform bill or give free rein to foreign intelligence operatives and terrorists who target america.

now, over the past few days, a number of our colleagues have drawn some puzzling conclusions about the house-passed bill that would allow us to prevent section 702 from lapsing. we've heard that overdue reforms to bring this portion of the statute up to date with modern communications technology amount to a massive new dragnet to surveil innocent u.s. citizens. we've heard that if the house-passed reauthorization became law, a coffee shop's public internet could become a vector for bulk collection of america's sensitive personal data. of course, the facts of the case are crystal clear, as i pointed out earlier this week. the federal courts tasked with

overseeing the appropriate use of section 702 authorities have already ruled that the fearmongering about new threats to u.s. citizens' privacy was completely unfounded. yesterday, we even heard the democratic whip suggest that a lapse in authorities wouldn't really mean going dark, even though they expire at midnight. this is absurd. big tech conglomerates do not provide these critical communications to the u.s. government because they want to. they do so because the law compels them to. when that compulsion disappears, who are they going to listen to? their customers? or the fbi asking nicely?

once section 702 expires, companies will stop complying. it will be up to the government to play a slow and painstaking game of whack-a-mole in court against an army of the most sophisticated lawyers in the country. and in the meantime, actionable intelligence will pass us right by. this is not a hypothetical. it's actually happened before. following a similar lapse in authority during the bush admini administration, the attorney general observed that providers, quote, delayed or refused compliance with our requests to initiate new surveillance of terrorists and other foreign intelligence targets under existing directives. he went on that this, quote, led directly to degraded intelligence capability.

china is on the march. iran and its proxies are pushing the middle east to the brink of war. russian spice are reported -- russian spies are reportedly planning sabotage against u.s. targets. suspected terrorists are exploiting this crisis at our southern border. this is not the time to voluntarily degrade our ability to protect the american people. this is not the time for facile arrangements arguments -- arguments about issues. this legislation facesit head on. today, the power rests with the senate. this is the end of the line. no one is coming to relieve us of our duty. just like the real-world consequences america will face if the house fails to pass the national security supplemental,

there will be serious consequences if the senate fails to do its job today. the stakes of such an outcome are grave. the authorities in question today have quite literally been the only defense against would-be national security disasters. the year after section 702 was enacted, it was used to foil an active plot to bomb the subway in new york. as our colleague, senator cornyn, explained yesterday, section 702 was behind 70% of the intelligence community's surveillance of the cartels' synthetic narcotic operations last year. the threats to american security are flashing red. our adversaries are as intent as ever on sowing chaos and

violence. and a vote to send this critical legislation back to the house today is a vote to make their job easier. the senate must not let section 702 go dark. on another matter, my democratic colleagues like to complain about judge shopping. of course, the real complaint is that regular americans are succeeding in opposing liberal policies in court. we know this because, when it comes to real-life judge shopping, our friends on the other side of the aisle don't seem to be particularly bo bothered. i recently introduced a bill, the shop act, that would stop the actual practice of judge shopping that is improperly steering a case to a judge or trying to block to knock judges off assigned cases because a litigant doesn't like them. the bill's language was based on

an egregious and unethical pattern of conduct undertaken by two liberal advocacy groups in alabama. well, it seems the far left consumer financial protection bureau is in on the judge shopping game. the cfpb was recently sued in texas over the credit card late fee rule after a whole lot of procedural wrangling, the case ended up before the fifth circuit, which ruled in favor of the rule's challengers. the cfpb and its allies didn't like that. just days after losing, the agency filed a letter with the clerk of the court alleging to have suddenly discovered that large credit card issuers have a financial stake in the litigation. now, they didn't raise this when

the case began, as required under court rules. only after did they decide to take umbrage with the fact that the ginning who ruled against them -- fact that the judge who ruled against them who is kid's education savings account includes a share of shares. the cfpb argued that even though the case before judge willett didn't involve citigroup, he hadded to recuse himself in case it affected the value of that stock. in other words, after a judge ruled against them, the cfpb identified vague, new parties at interest to ensnare the judge through his son's college savings account. what a tangled web they weave at the cfpb. to its credit, the judicial conference code of conduct

committee didn't buy this absurd contention. they unanimously ruled that judge willette was not required to recuse himself. but this is what judge shopping looks like. wait for a ruling against you and then argue late for sweeping recusal rules designed to target the judge you don't like and remove him. under my shop act, this kind of behavior could result in severe discipline for lawyers who engage in it. if any of my democratic colleagues are interested in actually solving the problem of judge shopping, i hope they'll join me as cosponsors. i suggest the absence of a quorum. the presiding officer: the clerk will call the roll.

quorum call: the clerk: ms. baldwin.

so we are going to keep at it. we want to get plaza done as soon as we can because it's very important for national security but as everyone knows, anyone member will congress in this chamber so both sides need to cooperate if you want to get plaza done. the information my calling, members should plan to be here over the weekend if necessary to work on both isa and the supplemental. the house is scheduled to take of the supplemental tomorrow.

it would deliver critical eight humanitarian assistance. we will see how things go in the lower chamber in the next day or so and i hope the house check this legislation passed without further delay. laws supplemental package, the senate descended to the president's desk in the present has said the congress passes the supplemental, he will senate. i hope the house gets this done very soon because the national security funding cost america and are allies dearly. i met yesterday with the ukrainian prime minister who told me how difficult the war has become for ukrainian fighters running out of ammo and air defense basic needs. does the work. simple as that.

the war his billy turned in russia's paper, larger and stores expand enjoy support from north korea, iran, china. the russian tv, the three from america is eventually going to run out. we dare not prove them right because united states will not stop, he may look including what we will stop and going. the chinese communist party may look at america's abandonment ukraine and wonder if we will show weakness in the indo-pacific imagine the signal american an action would to our friends. imagine what would say to the people of taiwan, it's not a

world we want to live in. protecting democracy is not for the faint of heart. that is what precisely the american people sent us your to do. chips in science. yesterday i shared my firm the most important manufacturers in the united states and the world's billing dollars for my chips in science law rebuild many of us and upstate new york in the country. one of the largest direct investments ever for upstate new york. we got a number of chips funding announcements place like this is the first one specifically for memory chips which are especially important with technology like a.i., closed

demand for these chips. the support will be to 50 pounds paying jobs investing well over $100 billion plus to make advanced memory chips here in the united states so i will say again because it is truly good news with the chips in science, we are rebuilding upstate new york, good paying middle-class jobs one at a time. minorities from ohio to texas, arizona and beyond and benefits in those states will spread suppliers around the country. similarly, investments budgets and sign with lower cost for an long-run look less vulnerable to supply chain disruptions like the one we saw with covid which is sent prices are rocketing on

all sorts of electronic devices. bringing them back to the rest will avoid this in the future. this is what i envisioned when i led the way on chips in science with bipartisan members of the senate should and secondary remodel. thank president biden and secretary rolando for helping make these investments possible. with their vision and leadership bringing manufacturing back to the rest revitalizing middle-class families minorities behind a second chance new opportunity. getting chips in science is not but today we are starting to want it was worth it. one announcement at a time, america is securing his place as the conductor industry in the century. i yield the floor.

mr. wyden: mr. president, i would ask unanimous consent to vitiate the quorum call. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. wyden: mr. president, rise this morning to discuss what happened at the end of the debate in the house of representatives on section 702 of the foreign intelligence surveillance act, and particularly i'm going to be talking about the sweeping new authorities that were slipped into the legislation at that time by the chair of the how the intelligence committee. then, mr. president, i intend to respond to each of the major arguments that have been given

over the last couple of days in an attempt to justify these expanded authorities in that provision that was added at the last moment and why they do not hold water. now, the chair of the house intelligence committee called this amendment -- expanding all these surveillance auth authorities -- he called it merely technical. i want to explain why it's not just technical and how it passed the house with virtually no debate. and, mr. president, as i believe you and i have talked about, this has never been considered -- repeat, never been considered -- here in the united states senate. but members of the senate are now being told the same thing that came up in the house. nothing to see here. it's technical. and it's all classified so stop

asking questions. now, i have spoken to a number of colleagues here, and i've urged them to just read the plain language of the provision. when they do so, they will see for themselves that this is actually a very substantial and dangerous expansion of warrantless surveillance authorities. under the provision, there would be virtually no limits to who can be forced into spying for the government. any company that installs, maintains, or repairs wi-fi or other communications systems in any american business or home, for example, can be dragged into this. so can any other company that provides a service that gives its employees access to any communications equipment which would include a server, a wire, a cable box, a wi-fi router, a phone, or computer. lots of examples here, mr. president. every office building in america has data cables running through it. tens of thousands of commercial

establishments offer wi-fi to their customers. under this provision, landlords, the companies that maintain the cables and wi-fi and any number of companies whose employees have access to any of that equipment can all be forced to cooperate with the government's surveillance. now, my view is there have been some pretty far-fetched and misleading efforts to justify what the house of representatives did at the last minute. so i'm going to address each of the major arguments that i have heard in support of the house's dangerous expansion of surveillance authorities. first, supporters of this provision just wave away the actual language of the position and simply insist that no terrible thing is going to happen. but nobody who's ever tried to explain why the plain language of this provision wouldn't authorize the government to force a huge number of ordinary

americans and american companies to spy for the government has ever explained how what i have described as the plain language of the provision is not the case. second, the administration says it's going after a narrower set of companies but, by the way, we're not going to hear anything about it because it's all secret. that's not how laws, especially surveillance authorities, ought to be written. i'm a member of the intelligence committee, and i'm familiar with these issues. the sky is not falling. if the government has a narrower intent, congress can take the time to consider whether legislation is needed to actually address it. but jamming through a last-minute provision that dramatically expands surveillance authorities in a way that would affect so many americans is just not right. i think it's irresponsible, and i think we ought to think through the implications. and anybody who thinks the government won't eventually use

its authorities to the greatest citizens possible, maybe they've been asleep for the last 20 years, but it's certainly a fact. third, supporters of this provision spend a lot of time pointing to the exceptions, but the handful of narrow exceptions, mr. president, makes my point. it proves my point. if you're not on that short list, in effect it's an admission you can be forced to spy for the government. and the exceptions are clearly designed so as not to restrain the vast new authorities in any meaningful way. they're not even designed to work. for example, the exceptions do not include commercial landlords or any company that installs, maintains, or repairs wi-fi or communications cables. so even if the government can't force a coffee shop to comply, it can force its landlord or the company that maintains the coffee shop's wi-fi to comply.

supporters of the provision, number four, have said over and over again that section 702 only targets foreigners overseas. this is a red herring. the provision does not change the targeting rules, but it dramatically changes who can be forced to actually help the government. and you don't have to change the targeting rules to threaten americans' privacy. the government thinks that its foreign targets are communicating with people in the united states, they can go right to the source. the wi-fi, the phone lines, the servers that transmit or store those communications. in my view, mr. president, that is a stunning example of the government's ability to collect american communications and no changes in targeting authority. finally, this brings me to a letter sent yesterday by the

department of justice which the chairman of the intelligence committee placed in the record. i urge my colleagues to read that carefully. it goes on and on about how the bill doesn't change the fact that only foreigners overseas can be targeted. the surest sign that you're losing an argument is when you try to change the subject. and that's what supporters of this provision and the department of justice are doing. the department of justice letter does not deny that the provision authorizes the government to force a broad set of americans and american companies to assist with warrantless surveillance under section 702. in fact, the department of justice basically concedes that fact by promising that it will only apply the new authorities to certain companies on a secret list. the department of justice is in the don't worry anybody department. they're basically saying we won't ever use these sweeping authorities you're handing to us. that commitment, in my view, mr. president, is worth nothing.

it's not even binding on this administration. it certainly wouldn't be binding on future administrations of the. these fisa authorities like all fisa authorities are going to get used to their maximum extent. you can bet on it. the same members of congress who are touting the supposed act of restraint from the administration are going to be the first to demand that the government do more with these authorities. now, secret promises are not law. i mean, that's just an obvious fact. and giving the government vast new power on the premise that intelligence agencies are not going to use it is just out of sink with history -- cy -- sync with history. the justice department has promised to tell congress what is going on every six months. not only is that inadequate, it would be a violation of the government's statutory obligation to keep the congress fully and currently informed of

intelligence activities. if they only update congress every six months on something like this, they are basically thumbing their nose at the whole idea of congressional oversight. this provision is fundamentally damaging to democracy, americans should not be forced to spy for the government without a warrant. ordinary businesses, big and small, should not be made extensions of government surveillance in a way that's going to put their relationship with their customers at risk. we've actually heard from a variety of companies who are concerned about just that. their customers being concerned about their privacy being invaded as a result of this. and companies being hurt. americans shouldn't have to worry about whether their -- the companies that service their workplaces, establishments they frequent, or even their homes are secretly spying for the government. my true is this -- my view is this is a breathtaking change, mr. president, that was added at the last minute by the house of

representatives expanding surveillance authorities. until a week ago, there was a debate about reforms to section 702. and i would say having been involved in a number of these debates, it's appropriate to have views of differing opinion on what reforms are necessary. but at least everybody was talking about the abuses of section 702 and how to fix them. now all of a sudden, the senate is being asked to dramatically expand the authorities of the foreign intelligence surveillance act in a way that is almost guaranteed, almost guaranteed to result in abuses. and my own view is that it is shocking that with no public indication, no hearings -- publication, no hearings, no processing of a piece of legislation in a single week to think about it that the senate is being asked to give the government sweeping new authorities that can fundamentally change the relationship in this country between americans and their government.

if the senate passes this legislation today, my own view is, mr. president, the senators are going to regret it. when the eventual wave of abuses is exposed, nobody is going to be able to say now given the fact we're airing specific responses to what the government said and the attempt to justify it, nobody is now going to be able to say they didn't see it coming. there are a number of us on both sides of the aisle who are pursuing an amendment to strike this dangerous provision. i'm pushing very hard to remove this provision. it ought to just be struck. it's called section 25 in the house bill, and we're pushing very hard to see that is accomplished. mr. president, i yield the floor and note the absence of a quorum. the presiding officer: the clerk will call the roll. quorum call:

the clerk: ms. baldwin.

my foreign threats to u.s. national security. carefully targeted authorities established back in 2008. essential tool for staying in step ahead of non-us persons will seek to harm the american people. senate action today, those authorities will attend tonight. my friends in the house on a bipartisan basis but months working on sensible reforms

changes to adapt the program to meet the demands of new technologies and took loans against amendments that me sound good but kill the program. reauthorizing central authority. the senate choice is clear lockley past the house is reform bill and political reality essentially doomed to program to go dark. the health reform bill or give free reign to terrorists to target america now a number of our colleagues and johnson conclusion about the holocaust

bill that will allow us to prevent 702. we've heard to bring this portion up to date communications technology and benefit u.s. citizens. coffee shops public internet corporal collection of america sensitive personal data. the facts of the case should are crystal clear. i pointed out earlier this week test with overseeing the use of section 702 authorities already

ruled the fear mongering of u.s. citizens privacy which is completely unfounded. yesterday we heard suggesting authorities going dark even though they expire at midnight. absurd. the tech did not provide critical communications because they want to but they do so because the law compels them to. when that compulsion disappears, who are you going to listen to? the customers or the fbi asking nicely?

attorney general mr. casey observed providers, quote, delayed or refuse to comply to to initiate new surveillance of terrorists and of the four intelligence targets under existing directives. he went on to quote led directly to do great intelligence capability. china was on the march, iran and

its proxies are pushing the middle east to the brink of war. russian spies are reportedly plotting sabotage against u.s. military targets, suspected terrorists, or exploit of this crisis at our southern border. this is not the time to voluntarily degrade our ability to protect the american people. this is not the time for arguments that issues this legislation addresses at all. today, the power rests with the senate. this is the end of the line. there was no one coming to relieve us of our duty, just like a like a real world consequences america will face, if the house fails to pass a national security supplemental. there will be serious consequences if the senate fails to do its job today.

the stakes of such an outcome hargrave. the authorities in question today have quite literally been the only defense against would be national security and disastrous. the year after section 702 was enacted, it was used to foil an active plot to bomb the subway in new york. as our colleague senator cornyn explained yesterday, section 702 is behind 70% of the intelligence community surveillance of the cartels synthetic narcotic operations last year. this flashes red. our adversaries are as content as ever on a vote to send this critical a a decision back cuy is a a vote to make their job

easier. the senate must not let section 702 go dark. on another matter, my democratic colleagues likes to complain about judge shopping. of course the real complaint is a regular americans are opposing liberal policies in court. we know this because when it comes to your real life judge shopping, our friends on the other side of the island don't think to be particularly bothered. i've recently introduced a bill the shop act that would stop the actual practice of judge shopping that is improperly steering a case to a judge or trying to block to knock judges off assigned cases because a litigant doesn't like them. the bills language was based on an egregious and unethical pattern of conduct undertaken by

two liberal advocacy groups in alabama. it seems a far left consumer financial protection bureau is in on the judge shopping game. the cpb was recently sued in texas over the credit card late fee rule after a whole lot of procedural wrangling, the case into that before the fifth circuit which ruled in favor of the rules challengers to do one. the cpb and its allies didn't like that -- two to one. the agency filed a letter with the clerk of the court alleging to have suddenly discovered that large credit card issuers have a financial stake in the litigation. now, they didn't raise this when the case began as required under court rules. only afterwards did they decide to take umbrage with the fact that the judge who ruled against

them had a son who's coverdale education savings account includes a handful of shares in citigroup. urged on by an army of arabella advisors, the cpb argued that even though the case before the judge didn't involve citigroup, he had to recuse himself in case it affected the value of that stop. in other words, after a judge ruled against them, the cpb identified vague new parties at interest to instill the judge through his sons college savings account. what a tangled web they read at the cpb. to its credit, a judicial conference, conductivity didn't buy this absurd contention that ruled the judge is not required

to recuse himself but in case anyone is wondering, this is what judge shopping looks like. wait for ruling against you and then argue late in sweeping recusal rules designed to target the judge you don't like and remove him. under my shop act this kind of behavior could result in severe discipline for lawyers who engage in it. if any of our democratic colleagues are interested in actually solving the problem of judge shopping, i hope they will join me as cosponsors.

>> to discuss what happened at the end of the debate in the house of representatives on

section 702 of the foreign intelligence surveillance act. and particularly i'm going to be talking about the sweeping new authorities that were slipped into the legislation at that time by the chair of the house intelligence committee. then, mr. president, i intend to respond to each of the major arguments that have been given over the last couple of days in an attempt to justify these expanded authorities in deprivation that was added at the last moment, and why they do not hold water. now, the chair of the house intelligence committee called this amendment spanning all the surveillance authorities, he called it merely tactical. i want to explain why it's not just technical and how it passed the house with virtually no debate. mr. president, up with you and i have talked about this has never

been considered. repeat, never been considered here in the united states senate. but members of the senate are now being told the same thing that came up in the house. nothing to see here. it's technical, and it's all classified so stop asking questions. now, i have spoken to number of colleagues here and i urged them to just read the plain language of the provision. when they do so they will see for themselves that this is actually a very substantial and dangerous expansion of warrantless surveillance authorities. under the provision that would be virtually no limits to who can be forced into spying for the government. any company that installed,, maintained repairs wi-fi or other communication systems in any american business or home, for example, could be dragged

into this. so can any of the company that provides the service that gives its employees access to any communications equipment, which would include a server, a wire, cable box a router or a phone or computer. lots of examples here, , try to get every office building in america has data cables running through it. tens of thousands of commercial establishments offer wi-fi to the customers. under this provision landlords to companies or maintain cable and wi-fi any number of companies with employees have access to any of that equipment can all be forced to cooperate with the government surveillance. now, my view is there had been some pretty far-fetched and misleading efforts to justify what the house of representatives did at the last minute so i'm going to address each of the major arguments that i have heard in support of the

house dangerous expansion surveillance authorities. first, supporters of this provision just wave away the actual language of the position and simply insist that no terrible thing is going to happen. but nobody who's ever tried to explain why the plain language of this provision would not authorize the government to force a huge number of ordinary americans and american companies to spy for the government has ever explained how would i've described is a plainly of the provision is not the case. second, the administration says is going after a narrower set of companies which by the way we will not hear anything about it because it's all secret. that's not how laws especially surveillance authorities ought to be written. i am about the intelligence committee and i'm familiar with these issues. the sky is not falling. the government has a narrower intent, congress to take the

time to consider whether legislation is needed to actually address it. but jamming to a last-minute provision that dramatically expand surveillance authorities in a way that would affect so many americans, it's just not right. i think it is irresponsible and think we ought to think through the implications. and anybody who thinks the government will not eventually use its authorities to the greatest extent possible, maybe they have been asleep for the last 20 years but it is certainly a factor third,, supporters of this provision spend a lot of time pointing to the exceptions. but the handful of narrow exceptions, mr. president, makes my point. it proves my point. if you're not on that short list, in effect its animation you can be forced to spy for the government. and the exceptions are clearly designed so as not to restrain

vast new authorities in any meaningful way. they are not even design to work. for example, the exceptions should not include commercial landlords any company that installs maintained repairs wi-fi or communication cables. even if the government can't force a coffee shop to comply, they can force its landlord of the company that maintains the coffee shops wi-fi to comply. supporters of the provision, number four, that's it over and over again that section 702 only targets foreigners overseas. this is a red herring. provision does not change the targeting rules but it dramatically changes who can be forced to actually help the government. and you want to change the targeting rules to threaten america's privacy. the government thinks its foreign targets a community with people in the united states,

they could go right to the source. wi-fi the phone lines servers that transmit or store those communications. in my view, mr. president, that is a stunning example of the government's ability to collect american rnyn: i'd ask unanimous consent that the quorum call be dispensed with. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. cornyn: mr. president, the senate is currently debating the authorization or reauthorization of section 702 of the foreign intelligence surveillance act. i've called this the most important law that most americans have never heard of. but it is essential -- an essential tool for our intelligence community to protect the american people against a whole array of threats, as i'll try to explain. but it is somewhat complicated

which means that it's important to make sure that we understand what the facts are and to dispel any myths or misconceptions about what exactly we're asking the senate to vote on. unless the senate takes action soon, section 702 of the foreign insell generals sure -- foreign intelligence surveillance act will expire at midnight tonight. if that happens, the united states will lose access to valuable intelligence that's needed by our intelligence community to keep america safe. our country's top intelligence officials have shared a number of success stories that demonstrate the far far-reaching value of this authority. the best i can tell, there is broad bipartisan consensus about the value of section 702. i've heard no one stand up and

say we should just let the authority lapse. and that's for good reason that you haven't heard that argument. section 702 acquired information has helped combat terrorism, disrupt drug trafficking, thwart cyberattacks and prevent our shaurdz adversaries from trafficking weapons of mass destruction and much more. officials have also issued warnings that in the starkest possible terms about what a 702 lapse would do to our security missions. fbi director chris wray said allowing 702 to expire would be, quote, an act of unilateral disarmament in the face of the chinese communist party. close quote. so the stakes are extremely high and i'm glad that the

republican-led house passed a strong 702 reform bill last week. this is not a clean reauthorization of the existing bill. this is a reform bill which corrects many of the problems that we've experienced with section 702 and application, including some abuse by fbi officials and others. it's designed to prevent that inadvertent abuse and to hold people who abuse that authority accountable. and to those who say well, this reform bill has provisions in it that can be likewise abused by somebody who's intent on violating the law, i say there's no law that can prevent people from lying, cheating, and stealing. in other words, we can do our best to try to pass a law that

protects the american people both in their privacy and their national security. but no one argues that we can prevent all abuses. but we can go a long way and this bill does it to close up the opportunities to do that and to hold people accountable who do abuse the law by exposing them potentially to long prison sentences. well, this reform legislation increases transparency, as i said, prevents misuse of 702 and strengthens accountability within the fbi. as congress has debated this law, i've seen a lot of confusion and occasionally even some misinformation about this authority and the reforms being discussed. as the senate prepares to vote on this bill, i think it's absolutely critical that we clear up a few of the most common misconceptions about section 702. the first myth i want to address

is that 702 was unconstitutional because it allows widespread surveillance of american citizens without going to court and getting a warrant establishing probable cause. i've heard some people say under this law the intelligence community can spy on the american people. nothing is further from the truth. section 702 authority cannot be used to target any u.s. citizen whether on american soil or elsewhere in the world. it is specifically aimed at foreign actors overseas that can pose a threat to the united states. we all acknowledge that any investigation into any american citizen would require a warrant establishing probable cause issued by a judge, an impartial

judge. that's our basic protections under the fourth amendment. this in contrast is not about targeting americans in the united states but rather foreigners overseas. even if the foreigner is in the united states, then section 702 would not allow that collection. there would need to be a warrant. so the law contains robust safeguards to protect the privacy of u.s. persons, and the house-passed bill includes even more provisions designed to strengthen those protections. this first myth stems from perhaps a misunderstanding about what's called incidental collection of u.s. persons' data. when i use the term u.s. persons', i'm including american citizens and legal permanent residents. that's why the generic term u.s. persons rather than u.s. citizens is used. for example, if an american is

texting with a foreign terrorist who is a target of 702 collection, both sides of that conversation, that text would be available. to be clear, though, the government would only see the americans' communication in that one instance. other texts, e-mails and communications would remain untouched and require a warrant issued by the foreign in intelligence surveillance court. most courts have examined the constitutionality of this incidental collection. the second circuit, the ninth circuit, the tenth circuit have all looked at it and said it does not violate the fourth amendment. the eastern district of new york has as well as the foreign intelligence surveillance court. i might pause there for a moment and remind people the foreign intelligence court is composed of three federal judges, article

3 judges appointed by the chief justice that review these practices and procedures on a regular basis. so you have three levels of oversight of these important tools. you have at the agency level. you have internal rules and regulations. you have the senate and the house intelligence committees on which i have the privilege of serving that conducts oversight. and then you have the foreign intelligence surveillance court that makes sure that this balance between security and privacy are protected. and every court that's looked at this issue, the court has determined that 702 complies with the fourth amendment in so far as incidental collection is concerned. section 702 does not authorize spying on the american people. you know, it reminds me the saying of mark twain.

mark twain said a lie can travel around the world in the time it takes the truth to put on its shoes. and unfortunately some of these things get on social media and people begin to believe them because they see it repeated, even though it's not true. this is a carefully crafted law designed to balance national security imperatives with individual privacy rights. myth number two, congress could strengthen privacy protections and preserve 702 by adding a warrant requirement. this requires a little bit of an explanation. i mentioned the text between a target, a foreign target, and an american citizen and the incidental collection, that is, the communication between those two that would be revealed by 702. then it's added to a database that can then be queried or

explored by subsequent actions by intelligence agencies, including the fbi. some would say, well, in spite of the fact that no court has held that that incidental collection is unconstitutional or violates the fourth amendment, before the fbi or any part of the intelligence community wants to look at that lawfully collected data, it's got to go to court and get a warrant. again, this would require the government to show probable cause that some crime, maybe espionage, maybe some other crime has been committed. all of the officials that serve in positions of responsibility in making sure that this capacity continues scafely and -- continues safely and respecting the rights of privacy as well as the security of our country has said that adding a

warrant requirement to look at information that you've already lawfully collected would decimate the effectiveness of section 702. this is unlike a traditional criminal investigation where warrants are issued based on probable cause because of criminal activity. intelligence gathering is unique because it involves monitoring foreign actors to detect and prevent threats before they occur. in other words, regular law enforcement doesn't go in and try to stop criminal acts before they occur. unfortunately, we're relegated to investigating and prosecuting crimes after they occur. that's the criminal law context. intelligence gathering is very different because it's designed to prevent terrible actions from occurring in the first place,

like the 3,000 americans that were killed on 9/11 when al qaeda targeted the world trade center and the pentagon. as director wray has said, a technology environment where foreign threat actors can move to new communication accounts and infrastructure in a matter of hours, if not minutes, section 702 provides the agility we need to stay ahead. requiring a warrant for every inquiry into lawfully collected information in the 702 database would significantly hinder the ability to respond to emerging threats. and again, this is looking at information that every court that's looked at it has said it's lawfully collected under the fourth amendment. our intelligence community would be held to an impossible standard.

knowing the nationality and location of every single person in the foreign land may be talking to before they can make any targeting decision. the senate has before it an amendment is that would hold that no person -- so that would include the entire intelligence community -- may access information of a covered person, except in limited circumstances. the covered person is broadly defined and would include incidental communications of u.s. persons, something which is already lawfully collected. but the truth is this amendment would hamper the 702 program in dangerous ways. if an amendment containing this language passes, the cia or nsa will be unable to monitor hamas or isis terrorists abroad unless or until they can determine the national identities and physical

locations of everyone that terrorist may be talking to, texting, or e-mailing with. it's an impossible burden. the senate is also expected to vote on an amendment to the house bill that injects a different type of massive legal hurdle in the 702 process. that would be similar ly confining and limiting in terms of its effectiveness. this amendment would dramatically expand the role of an amicus. now, in the law we talk about amicus curiae, friends of the court. that's what an amicus is. that's an outside person coming in basically to provide legal advice or briefing to a court to help the court make a decision. and there already exists an amicus provision in the current law so that if the foreign intelligence surveillance court

needs additional input or advice on a complex matter, it can ask for that. that already exists. what this amendment would do would impose an amicus appointment in virtually every foreign intelligence act title 1 matter and place, again, unworkable burdens on the foreign intelligence surveillance court and on the intelligence community seeking access to that information. what that means in practical terms is that we would get bogged down in court proceedings and not just in front of the foreign intelligence surveillance court. this amendment would allow an appeal of the foreign intelligence surveillance court's decision to presumably all the way to the supreme court. can you imagine in a time-sensitive national security matter that we're going to basically take a time-out so we can appeal a case up and down, up and down the federal

judiciary potentially to the supreme court with who knows how long the delay might be. the urgent intelligent request before the foreign intelligence surveillance court would become a means to gut section 702 through a series of legal delays. in effect, one actor who disagreed with the foreign intelligence surveillance court's determination would have the ability to stop what is already a constitutional and lawful program. this is a radical departure from the role of an amicus or friend of the court in normal court proceedings, the friend of the court, the amicus curiae is there to help the court get it right. not to gum up the process or to become an adversary. as i noted agilety is the key to

section 702 it gives timely and actual intelligence to keep americans safe. expanding the role of the amicus to turn them into an adversary to this process would hamper the program and i believe make it far less useful. the house has already had a very thoughtful debate about this topic and i believe crafted a bill that expands amicus participation in a reasonable and productive way without shutting down the process. finally, myth number three. there will be no impact to section, if section 702 expires tonight at midnight because other directives will replace it. like many misconceptions, this is based on a grain of truth. earlier this month the foreign intelligence surveillance court renewed the annual 702 certification procedure process

through april of 2025. interestingly, as i mentioned, the fies which includes -- three yujs regularly side off on procedures under section 702 and have found them to be lawful and constitutional. and they have certified the current process through april of 2025, but that does not mean that the program can continue uninterrupted for another year. in the event of a lapse tonight at midnight, some communications and service providers will stop cooperating with the united states government. that's exactly what happened in 2008 when the predecessor of section 702, called the protect america act, briefly lapsed. the attorney general and the director of national intelligence wrote the president

about the development of the interim of a short term lapse. they said, quote, providers delay or refuse compliance with our request to initiate new surveillance of activities under existing directives issued pursuant to the protect america act, but they said, ultimately they said the lapse, quote, led directly to a degraded intelligence capability, close quote. none of these american-based companies are going to cooperate with the intelligence community unless they have a long place that provides them a requirement that they do so and the legal protections that go along with that. even though the department of justice could go to court and move to compel the companies to continue to cooperate under the current certification, litigation would inevitably lead to delays while vital intelligence is lost. and i believe that without 702,

there is no way these companies will be required to, or be willing to cooperate. and there couldn't be a more dangerous time to put this gambit to the test. director wray and the director of national intelligence, cia director burns, all members of the intelligence community, the leaders have said the number of threats facing america has never been greater, certainly not since world war ii. iran and its terrorist proxies are attacking israel. russia is continuing its assault on ukraine. and china is fueling instability in the middle east. section 702 underpins our ability to predict and respond to each of these threats, and we would be flying blind without 702. so 702 misinformation runs rampant, but here are the facts. 702 complies with the fourth amendment. every court that's considered the matter has reached that

conclusion. section 702 is invaluable because it gives the united states timely and actionable intelligence. warrant requirements or dramatic amicus expansion would undercut that capability. and finally, unless section 702 authority is extended today, our intelligence capabilities will take a hit. there's no question about it. we cannot count on these communication providers to keep providing information and cooperating once congressional authorization expires. so, mr. president, in conclusion, i would say there's a lot on the line today, and congress cannot in good conscience deprive america's dedicated intelligence professionals of the authority they need to continue to keep our country safe. section 702 of the foreign intelligence surveillance act is vital to our national security

and must be extended as reformed in the house bill. mr. president, i yield the floor. a senator: mr. president. the presiding officer: the senator from virginia is recognized. mr. kaine: mr. president, i rise alongside my colleague senator warner to comment on a near-miss incident that occurred yesterday at reagan national airport and what it means in the context of the faa reauthorization bill that we are considering and will take up likely right after recess. the incident yesterday was a big warning light flashing red telling congress not to take steps that would weaken the safety of this airport. yesterday morning at 7:40 a.m. a southwest airlines plane and a jet blue plane nearly collided while simultaneously attempting to cross the same runway.

one flight was preparing to take off from runway 4, which is a smaller commuter runway, while the other was attempting to cross from an apron to the main runway, runway 1, that carries 90% of the flights in and out of dca. yesterday was not an unusually busy day. it was a typically busy day on the nation's busiest runway at dca. and while the faa is still investigating the incident, there is disturbing audio that is circulating that i hope every member of this body will listen to. in the audio, you can hear air traffic controllers frantically yelling at each plane over the communications to stop, stop, before both planes were able to halt their movements and narrowly avoid a collision. we're all relieved that disaster was averted and that no injuries or damages occurred, thanks to

the action of the atc professionals at dca. but i'm incredulous that in a discussion about rereauthorizing the federal aviation administration, a bill that is meant to make travel safer, some members of congress view this package as an opportunity to jam even more flights for their own personal convenience into a runway at dca that is already overburdened and can't handle extra capacity. the gamble is exactly the opposite of improving public safety. the federal aviation administration and the regional airport commission created by congress, the metropolitan washington airport authority, both agree that adding any flights, any flights to dca will increase delays due to the increased risk for incidents like this. any flights into dca will

increase delays due to the increased risk for incidents like this. dca is a fraction of the size of other our two regional airports, dulles and bwi, and the length of its runways are shorter. two of the runways are so short that 90% of the traffic 800 flights a day has to be put on to the main, primary runway. since 1986, congress recognized the capacity limits at dca by restricting the number of nonstop flights that can originate out of dca to airports out of a 1,250 mile perimeter with dulles and bwi planned as the growth airports planned for the region's aviation needs. however in the past and right now during discussion about faa reauthorization, certain members in both houses have attempted and in some cases succeeded in making changes to these rules that have disrupted the balance in the airport system by adding

additional flights from reagan to destinations outside the perimeter. these changes have produced significant stress on dca's facilities and created frustrations for travelers, businesses, and local residents. we have been warning about this for over a year, but i hope that the incident yesterday may help members finally take note of the evidence that the system is already overflowing its capacity, and we can't risk public safety by cramming more flights into and out of dca. the house of representatives passed their version of the faa reauthorization bill with a floor vote that resoundingly rejected additional flights at dca on a bipartisan basis. but unfortunately here in the senate commerce committee, a package was produced that adds ten more flights in and out of dca without so much as an

up-or-down vote on that provision. while some may point to other safety features in the faa reauthorization bill to help avoid near misses in the future, i can't stand by and assume that adding safety risk by allowing more flights, my constituents will not tolerate that and the 20-plus million people who fly into and out of dca every year should not have to tolerate that. so to sum up, a provision was added to the senate faa bill in committee that had been explicitly rejected by the house of representatives, that has been warned against by the faa, that jeopardizes safety, that negatively impacts the performance of three airports, and provision was negotiated by a committee on which none of the senators who represent the region sits. mr. president, this is

unsatisfactory, and i'm going to say to this body and then act in accord with what those air traffic controllers said yesterday. stop. stop. i yield to my colleague, senator warner. mr. warner: mr. president. the presiding officer: the senator from virginia is recognized. mr. warner: thank you, mr. president. i want to first of all thank my colleague from virginia for his impassioned remarks. i know the presiding officer can't enter into these discussions, but as the gentleman represents the neighboring state of maryland, i think i can say without fear of being contradicted that the virginia and maryland delegations in the united states senate are completely united, in total agreement on this issue. as senator kaine just pointed out, i think it's amazing there's not been more news coverage of it yet. i actually hope the paper of record, "the washington post," will actually cover some of these items.

but two planes came within 3,000 feet of colliding at dca on the runway. now i'm thankful there was no loss of life, but it's just plain unacceptable that this even happened. and again, senator kaine said you don't have to take his word, you don't have to take my word. you can go online and listen to the audio from the control tower to understand just how frighteningly close we came to disaster. that we came so close to catastrophe yesterday makes it absolutely clear, it's just plain crazy that some are pushing to add even more flights to dca's already overburdened runway. dca averages 1900 takeoffs and

landings from its runway. that's more than any other runway at lax, at newark, you maim it -- name it, the most overburdened runway in america is dca. yesterday's near crash is an example of the burden this airport faces. how did we get here? the airport was designed to accommodate 1500 passengers, last year 2023, in part thanks to what my colleague said, over the years xchipping away on the perimeter rule, every year when faa comes up, people tray to chip away. last year, it broke an all-time record, dca, 25.5 million passengers, that's 10.5 million

passengers beyond what dca was designed for. and what does that result in? well, we had the near catastrophe yesterday, but in 2022, dca, reagan airport, had the third worst cancellation rate amongst the busiest airports. as it is of today, the current status, 20% to 22% of flights into and out of reagan experience delays averaging 67 minutes. there are some who argued that reagan is at capacity during peak hours between 6:00 a.m. and midnight, additional flights could be added during non -- 10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. i never heard of anyone begging

for a 2 o'clock flight. unlike my colleague, who is a morning person, i'm known to be a little bit more of a night owl, but you will not find me climbing into an airplane at 3:00 a.m. in the morning. secondly as we pointed out, reagan's runway is the busiest in america. any flexibility that still remains in reagan's schedule after congress continually loaded up with new flights over the years should not be made by congress, it ought to be made by the operators of the airports in conjunction with the faa to manage safety, timeliness, de delays. if we don't do this, if we end up -- the senate position that at least the commerce committee has floated, if we end up anything close to what the senate commerce committee is

advocating, near crashes such as yesterday would become much more common. and for all the members who already use this airport, think about that not only in terms of the overall safety, but just how you climb on to an airplane almost on a weakly bases. the so-called five new spots, that means ten additional flights, beyond the dca perimeter rule would be flown almost exclusively because they would go longer with larger airplanes. larger airplanes take longer to taxi, more people into the terminal, already straining reagan's resources. considering yesterday's near crash and an average of 1900 average takeoffs each day, why

would we codo this? the safety of the flying public must be our primary focus. we are now debating whether some lawmakers who want this added convenience is somehow more important than passenger safety. incidents like this -- incidents that happened yesterday and the position of additional flights would be happening on a much more common basis would dramatically undermine the basic role of the faa, the safety of the flying public. we should not take that action when the faa reauthorization comes up. it's not often we say in this body that we ought to listen to the house, but in this case we ought to listen to the house, they had a full flung debate on this issue and the bipartisan position was coming up with zero new flights out of reagan. i ask that my colleagues

prioritize the safety of the public and reject slotting perimeter rules. thank you, mr. president, with that, i yield the floor and note the absence of a quorum. the presiding officer: the clerk will call the roll. quorum call: the clerk: ms. baldwin.

>> and it will continue working today to pass fisa reauthorization. we're still trying to see if there's a path to getting this bill done quickly but disagreements remain on how to proceed. the work is not done so we will keep at it. we want to get fisa denison as we can because it's very

important for our national security. but as everyone knows, any one member can halt progress in this chamber. so both sides need to fully cooperate if we want to get fisa done. so for the information of my colleagues, members should plan to be here over the weekend if necessary to work on both fisa and the supplemental. the house is scheduled to take up the supplemental tomorrow. it would at last deliver critical aid for ukraine, , israel, the indo-pacific and humanitarian assistance. we will see if things go in the lower chamber over the next day or so, and i hope the house gets this legislation passed without further delay. if the house since as a supplemental package the senate will move expeditiously to send it to the president to desk. and the president has said if congress passes the supplemental he will sign it. i hope the house gets this done

very soon because the light of this national security funding has cost america and cost our allies dearly. i met yesterday with ukrainian prime minister who told me just how difficult the war has become for ukrainian fighters are now running out of ammo and air defenses and of the basic needs. he told me that if america doesn't stand with ukraine, they will lose the war. simple as that. in a few months the house has set, and a few most of the house passed that on the supplemental funding, the war has clearly turned in russia's favor. their army has grown larger, there is munition stores have expanded and they enjoyed support from iran, china. putin has long bet that sooner or later american support for ukraine when wayne. he has said months, he said months ago on russian tv that quote, the free stuff from america is eventually going to run out. we dare not prove him right. because if he sees that the united states will not stop him

in ukraine, he may well conclude we will not stop him if he keeps going. and on the other side of the world the chinese communist party may look at america's abandonment of ukraine and wonder if we will simply show weakness in the indo-pacific. imagine the kind of signal american and natural send your friend in japan in the philippines. imagine what would say the people of taiwan. that is not the world we want to live in. protecting democracy is not for the faint of heart. sometimes it requires us to make difficult choices. but that is precisely what the american people sent us here to do. i hope we can finish the job very, very soon. now on chips and science. yesterday i shared that mike on one of most important chip manufactured in the united states and the world is receiving over $6 billion from my chips and science law to help

build two mega fats in central new york and one in idaho. this is a monumental step forward for syracuse, upstate new york and for the country. this is one of the largest single federal direct investments ever for upstate new york. we've had a number of chips funding announcements recently but this is the very first one specifically for memory chips which will become especially important as technologies like ai boost demand for these chips. best of all, this award will lead to 50,000 new good-paying jobs and will help micron reached its goal of investing one over $100 billion plus to make advanced memory chips here in the united states. so i will say it again because it is truly good news. with the chips and science law we are rebuilding upstate new york with good paying middle-class jobs. one microchip at a time. and we are rebuilding not just

new york but communities from ohio to texas to arizona and beyond. and the benefits in the states will spread as subcontractors and other suppliers around the country are called upon. most importantly, the investments made by chips and science will mean lower costs for american consumers in the long run. we will give us full dose of supply chain disruptions like the one we saw in covid which sent prices skyrocketing on all sorts of electronic devices. by bringing chips production back here to the u.s. we can avoid this in the future. this is precisely what i envision when i led the way on chips and science. working closely with bipartisan members in the senate and with the president, and with secretary raimondo. and let me thank president biden and secretary raimondo for helping make these investments possible. with their vision and leadership we are bringing manufacturing back to the u.s. we are revitalizing middle-class

families. where giving communities that have been left behind a second chance with new investments comw jobs and opportunity. dating chips and science was not easy. it took a lot of convincing and persistence. but today we're starting to see why that effort was worth. one announcement at a time america is securing its place as a leader in the global semiconductor industry in this century. i yield the floor. note the absence of a quorum. >> for the past 16 years federal law enforcement and intelligence professionals have used section 702 of the foreign intelligence surveillance act to identify and minimize foreign threats to u.s. national security. to carefully targeted authorities established back in 2008 are an essential tool for staying in step ahead of

non-u.s. persons who seek to harm the american people. but unless the senate asked today, those authorities will end tonight. our friends in the house understood the threat. on a bipartisan basis. they spent months working to craft sensible reforms to guard against future abuses. made changes to doubt the program to meet the demands of new technologies, and took top votes against amendments that may sound good but would actually kill the program. the house deserves credit for reforming and reauthorizing this essential authority. now, the send its choice is clear. we could past the houses reform

bill, or given the late our political reality we can essentially doom the program to go dark. ..

or book collection personal data. of course the facts of the case are crystal clear as i pointed out earlier this week federal courts asked overseeing the improperly use of federal two authorities already ruled the fear mongering in u.s. citizens privacy is completely unfounded. yesterday we heard the democratic lines authorities would really mean going dark at midnight. this is absurd. big tech does not provide communications to the u.s. government.

she and tells them to. when compulsion disappears, who are you going to listen to back the customers or the fbi asking nicely slow and painful game of walkable happened before and

providers delayed or refused request to initiate other targets under these directives. she went on to this directly in this capability. they are pushing the middle east and russian spies should are sabotaging against u.s. military targets suspected terrorists in the southern border, this is not the time to voluntary degrade the them and protect the american people. it addresses it had on.

relieve a our duty like real-world consequences america will face in the national security supplemental, there will be serious consequences of the senate fails to do its job and with such an outcome is great. they have literally been the only defense against would be national security. she even after section 702 was adopted from accused to plot should longest away new york, senator cornyn explained section 702 behind 70% of the

intelligence community surveillance of the cartel and operations last year. she our adversaries are as tender as ever she over chaos and violence. the senate must not lead section 702. she did it will come to real life judge shopping. our friends on the other side of the aisle, i recently introduced

a bill she doubted stop this, improperly steering the case to a judge or trying to block. it is based on a pattern of conduct by two liberals should in alabama. the financial protection shopping game. recently sued in texas over the court date people after a whole lot of procedural for circuit and paper but ruled cfpb and

hide it days after losing the letter of the court should allegedly discovered large records a financial state and the court ruled against the it includes cfpb even though the case he had to recuse himself and affect the value of that. in other words, after ruled

identified in favor of the cfpb. she unanimous world that recuse himself but in case anyone was wondering, this is what it looks like a long waiting for a ruling against you decide to target the judge and remove them. this kind of behavior to engage in that. interested in actually solving

this, i hope you will join me as cosponsor. >> mr. president, the senate is currently debating authorization or reauthorization of section 70204 intelligence surveillance act. i call this the most important americans have never heard of but it is essential, and essential tool intelligence community to protect the american people against a whole array as i have tried to explain but it is somewhat complicated which means it's important truly understand what the facts are dispel any myths or misconceptions about what exactly we're asking the senate to vote on less the senate takes

action soon, 702 of the foreign intelligence will expire at midnight tonight. if that happens, the rest access to intelligence music should by the intelligence community america safe. our country's top intelligence officials shared a number of success stories for this authority. the best i can tell there is broad bipartisan consensus about the values of section 702. part no one stand up and say we should let the authorities watch and that's a good reason, but you haven't heard that event.

drug trafficking and cyber attacks and prevent adversaries from weapons of mass destruction should and much more. they've also issued warnings in possible terms due to security missions, fbi director chris ray allowing 702 expire would be an act of unilateral disarmament in the chinese communist party. the stakes are extremely high and i'm glad republican that house past 702 reform bill last week. this is not a clean reauthorization of existing skills, this is reform bill which would correct many of the problems we've experienced,

including some abuse by fbi officials and others designed to prevent that inadvertent should and old people who used to accountable. those who say this reform bill has provisions in it and likewise abuse by somebody who is intent on violating the law, there's no law can prevent people from lying, cheating and healing do our best to pass a law that protects the american people both in the privacy national security but no one argues we could prevent all abuses. we could go a long way to close up the opportunities to do that

and hold people accountable who do abuse the law by exposing the too long prison sentences. this reform legislation transparency and strengthen accountability within the fbi. debating this law, i've seen a lot of confusion and even misinformation about this authority and reports discussed. the senate prepares, it's critical in section 702, the first i want to address this 702 is unconstitutional because it allows widespread surveillance of american citizens without going to court and plausible.

under this law, nothing is further from the truth. section 702 authority cannot be used to target any u.s. citizens on american soil or elsewhere in the world. it is aimed overseas and could pose a threat to the united states. we all acknowledge any investigation. a warrant establishing probable cause issued by judge, an impartial judge basic protections of the fourth a minute, this, in contrast is not about targeting americans in the united states but rather warners overseas that of the foreigner is in the united states section

702 would not allow the collection that would need to be a warrant. the law contains robust safeguards to protect the privacy of u.s. persons the house last until designed to strengthen those productions. this first myth stems from perhaps a misunderstanding about withhold incidental collection of u.s. persons data. i'm including american citizens and legal committed president, the generic euros persons. americans texting the foreign terrorist is a target and be clear of the cover would only seek americans communication and

texts, e-mails and communication would remain untouched in the surveillance or. the constitutionality of this, the second circuit level look at it and said it does not violate the fourth amendment. the foreign intelligence surveillance court, i might cause there for a moment and remind people foreign intelligence the court created by congress composed of three federal judges, article three judges appointed by the chief justice the review these procedures on a regular basis so you have three levels of oversight of these important tools. you have the agency level, rules and regulations, you have the

senate and house intelligence committee which i have the privilege of serving conduct oversight the surveillance court's and make sure this balance between security, the privacy in every court that looked at this issue, the court determined 702 complies with the fourth amendment so far as incidental collection is concerned. section 702 is not authorized spying on the american people and reminds me of mark twain, a lie can travel around the world and the time it takes the truth to put on shoes. unfortunately, some of these things get on social media and people begin to believe them because they see it repeated even though it not true.

this is a carefully crafted law designed security imperatives for individual privacy rights. mr. number two, congress and strengthen privacy protections and preserve 702 by adding a warrant requirement and requires an expiration. i mentioned the text in the form target and american system and incidental collection all the communication between those two i would be revealed by 702. then added to a database that can be queried or explored by subsequent actions by intelligence agencies including the fbi. some would say in spite of the fact that no court has held that collection is unconstitutional

and violates the for the moment the quality fbi or any part of the intelligence community was to look at the lawfully collected data has to go to court and get a warrant. again, this would require the government probable cause some crime, maybe espionage or another crime committed, all of these in positions of responsibility and making sure it has to continued safely and respecting the rights of privacy and security of our country has said adding warrant requirement to look at formation lawfully collected and decimate section 702. this is unlike traditional herbal investigation and

warrants are issued on probable cause in criminal activity. intelligence gathering is unique because it involves monitoring foreign actors detect and prevent threats before they occur. regular law enforcement doesn't try to stop criminal acts before they occur. unfortunately relegated to prosecuting crimes after they occur, because criminal law context. intelligence gathering is different because designed to prevent terrible actions from occurring in the first place like the 3000 americans killed on 9/11 when al qaeda target the world trade center and pentagon. director ray has said the technology environment and foreign threat actors can move

to communication, accounts of infrastructure in the amount of hours, if not minutes, section 102 provides agility we need to stay ahead, requiring a warrant for every inquiry into lawful collected information in the 702 database would significantly hinder authority to respond to emerging threats. again, this is looking at information that every court is look that has said lawfully like the look with a minute. the senate has reformed an amendment that would hold no

person so that would include the intelligence community they access information about person accepting limited circumstances. broadly defined and would include incidental communications, of which is already lawfully collected but the truth is the segment would hamper the 702 program in dangerous place. in a moment of language passes, the cia or the nsa unable to monitor missus terrorist brought until they can have national cookies and locations and everyone a terrorist maybe talking to, or e-mailing with. an impossible burden. the senate is expected to vote on amendment to the house with the different little in the 702

process which would be similarly limiting terms of its effectiveness. this would expand the role of amicus. we talk about amicus friends of the court, that's what it is, an outside person coming in to provide legal advice or briefing to help the court make a decision there already exists a decision in the current law so the foreign intelligence needs to sort advice on a complex matter, they could ask for the. what the amendment would do, would be virtually every foreign intelligence act, one matter,

unworkable organs on foreign intelligence and on the intelligence community seeking access to that information. what that means in practical terms, we get proceedings in the surveillance court and it would be an appeal of the foreign intelligence court's decision to presumably all the way to the supreme court. she we are basically going to tame the case of the. the federal judiciary hensley supreme court and knows how long it might be. the request before the surveillance would become the means to cut section 703 through a series of delays in effect one

after i disagree with the port intelligence determination and the ability to stop. this is a radical departure. court proceedings from the front of the court to provide expertise and help the court cannot write a lot about to become an adversary. agility is the key to section 702 and gives intelligence professional and timely actionable intelligence americans they, hispanic the role of amicus and turn them into an adversary to this process in the program and i believe it is.

there will be no impact section two expiring tonight at midnight because of the directives will replace the many misconceptions, it's based on proof, earlier this month the surveillance court renewed the annual 702 procedure process in 2025. interestingly as i mentioned the foreign intelligence work which includes the judges, lifetime judges regularly and all the fact that this is teachers under

section 702 found to be unlawful, unconstitutional. they have certified the current process through 2025 but that does not mean it can nuclear another year. a class at midnight, some service providers. cooperated with the united states government. that's what happened in 2008 when the predecessor action 702 american act/. the director of national intelligence about the impact of short labs. providers refuse compliance with the request to initiate terrorist and foreign intelligence surveillance target under existing laws pursuant to protect america act but they

said ultimately leading directly to the intelligence capability, none of these americans based companies are going to cooperate unless -- maryland. mr. cardin: i ask unanimous consent that the quorum call be dispensed with. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. cardin: a year ago gunfire erupted in the capital of sudan, smoke filled the air, people ran for their lives, it was the beginning of a vicious war between the sudanese armed forces and the paramount military rapid support forces. in the last year there's been absolutely devastation in due dan. -- sudan. unare armed sudanese have been in the crosshairs, there have --

they have dindiscriminately bombed hospitals and raped women of certain ethnic groups as a weapon of war, they have killed residents and strangled commerce and trade, they have forced farmers to leave preventing harvest. they have looted humanitarian supplies, blocked aide workers, the sudan director said this may could bring unprecedented levels of starvation. according to the united nations, more than 15,000 people have been reported killed, with an additional 10,000 to 15,000 in one town in darfur alone. eight million people have fled their homes. 25 million, including 14 million children, need humanitarian

assi assistance, very basic materials like food, water, medicines and clothing. the president of doctors without borders has said sudan is one of the worst crises the world has seen for decades. as i speak, the town of alfashir is under siege. millions of civilians are trapped in that city, which is controlled by the saf. the people in this town to -- in this town have no access to aid, and the international community has no plan to protect them should there be a full-scale assault. my colleague, senator booker, has just come back from the region. he gave us a firsthand account of the hunger, the violence, and the trauma the sudanese people are facing. last week, samantha power testified in front of the senate foreign relations committee about the imminent famine.

just this week, the rolenberg center for human rights released a report concluding that the rsf is committing genocide in sudan. the evidence is clear and overwhelming. we must take action now. at this week's humanitarian conference in paris, the united states announced an additional $100 million in aid to respond to the conflict. the united states has been the largest donor to date. the french are also saying that they'll raise more than 2 billion euros. money pledged is not money in hand, however, and we need all to do more. i am pleased that when the senate passed the security funding supplemental it included more than $9 billion in additional humanitarian aid. part of that humanitarian aid would go to help the people of

sudan. i know there is bipartisan support for humanitarian aid in congress. yet, despite the heroic efforts of my colleagues on the appropriations committee, the foreign assistance budget for this year declined, in some parts of the usaid, by as much as 10%. we need to expand the pie, not shrink it. otherwise, when we try to address one crisis, we have to take money from another emergency circumstance. we should not have to choose between saving starving sudanese or saving starving gazans. we should not have to choose between helping haitians or helping ukrainians. every life is precious, and every day we wait matters. i hope my colleagues in the house who are still debating the supplemental funding bill understand that. there are so many reasons why they need to pass the supplemental. i would have hoped they have

have taken our bill and passed it. they now have a different formulation ever it. i hope that it will get to us as soon as possible, the supplemental funding bill. yes, it's critical for ukraine, absolutely. they literally are depending on that supplemental to have the am anythings and support they need to -- the ammunitions and support they need to defend themselves again russia. it's important for our friends in the middle east, in israel, and in the indo-pacific. it's absolutely essential for the humanitarian aid included in that supplemental. the people of sudan. russia is relentlessly bombing and destroying ukraine's oil and gas energy sector. ukraine is running out of ammu ammunition. secretary of defense lloyd austin said ukraine's survival is in danger. this means 9 security situation gets worse. just as the humanitarian

situation gets worse. famine has been declared only twice in the past 13 years. gaza and sudan will be next, unless we act. on famine prevention efforts have a good track record. in 2017, we prevented three out of the four potentials familiarins after congress passed a -- famines after congress passed a supplemental appropriations bill. america's strength is in our values. the global community depends upon our leadership. our values demand that we don't stand by when people are starving. we have the capacity, and we certainly need to act and show that we live by actions on our values. ultimately, the only situation -- solution to the crisis in sudan is for the two sides to sit down and negotiate peace. we've got to stop the warring factions. and we've got to stop the outside country support that

have chosen sides here and are adding to the civil war that's taking place. in the meantime, there must allow unfettered humanitarian access throughout the country. mr. president, as we mark the one-year anniversary of the conflict, i want to say to the international community, to the biden administration, my view as chair of the senate foreign relations committee is we need to act now. we need other donors to step up and put their money where their mouths are, now. we need to support sudan's neighbors who are hosting countless refugees now. we need diplomatic talks to end the war in sudan to resume now. it is time to set a date. finally, to my colleagues in the house, you need to act now to pass the supplemental appropriation bill we sent to you in mid-february and provide a lifeline to the millions of

sudanese whose lives are on the line. we must not stand by idly and watch them perish. mr. president, i urge us all to act with that urgency. i would suggest the absence of a quorum. the presiding officer: the clerk will call the roll. quorum call: the clerk: ms. baldwin.

we are considering and will take up likely right after recess. the incident yesterday was a big warning light flashing red telling congress not to take steps the safety of this report. yesterday morning 7:40 a.m. airlines plane jetblue lane nearly collided while simultaneously attempting to cross the same one lane. one flight was preparing to take off runway four, ace : meter runway while the other order attention to cross the main runway one that carries flights in and out yesterday was not an

unusually day, it was a typically busy day on the nation's runway while foa is still getting this disturbing audio circulating clinical every member of this body will listen to. any audio you can hear them yelling each plane over the communications to stop, stop both claims were able to alter movements and narrowly avoid a collision. the disaster relief was a verdict at no injuries or damages occurred thanks to actions of the professionals at. the deal is that in a discussion about reauthorization administration, a bill meant to make trouble safer, some members of congress use as an

opportunity to jam even more light for their own personal convenience into a runway already overburdened and can't handle extra capacity. the gamble is the opposite of safety. the regional airport commission created by congress metropolitan air force authority both agree adding any flights pca will increase delay due to increased risk for incidents like this. any flights if the dca will increase delay due to increased risk for incidents this. a fraction of the size of brother to regional airports in the light of its runways, two of the runways are so short 90% of the traffic, 800 flights a day

the primary runway. the limited dca by restricting the number of satellites that originate out of the airports of the perimeter and the plan of the growth airports in the aviation. however, in the past and right now during discussion about faa reauthorization, certain members in both houses have attempted succeeded in making changes to these rules. the balance in the airport system adding additional lines and significant stress on the facilities and greatest frustrations for travelers all businesses and local residents.

i hope the incident yesterday may help members only take note of the evidence is overflowing capacity we can't rest of the family more flights into and out of dca the house of representatives passed their version of the reauthorization bill that resoundingly rejected additional flights ca on a bipartisan effort. here impossible to produce more light but not so much of that provision. i can't stand by to see adding safety risk by allowing more flights like constituents in the

20 plus million into an auto ca every year to tolerate them to and rejected by the house of representatives that jeopardizes safety and negatively impacts the performance in the profession negotiated on which they represent the region and mr. president i got to say to the body and i yield to my calling. >> senator from virginia is recognized.

>> the presiding officer enter into these discussions. lately united in total agreement on this issue. 3000 feet at dca on the runway. i'm thankful there was no loss of life close to catastrophe

yesterday, it makes it absolutely clear it is just plain crazy. tapping more flights to the overburdened runway. 819 landings from the main runway. more than any other nation. within lax, chicago o'hare, newark, you name it. overburdened runway in america.

yesterday's near crash is an example of the burden face. the airport was designed to accommodate passengers. star 2023 in part thanks to a colleague of yours chipping away below from corporal, every five years and it comes up, people try to chip away. last year next to this typically it broken all time record to 5.5 million passengers. that's and a half million additional passengers beyond what was designed for. what does that resulting? on your catastrophe last night and yesterday but in 2022 dca have the worst cancellation rate

among the busiest airports. today current status, 20 to 22% of like into and out experienced delays averaging 67 minutes. some have argued reagan is at capacity during peak hours between 6:00 a.m. and midnight, additional flights out during nonpeak hours, after midnight and before 6:00 a.m. go to my colleague, i have not heard any airline banging 2:00 or 3:00 a.m. flights. skeptical. unlike my colleague, night owl will not find me climbing airplane at 3:00 a.m. in the morning. as for the over and over, the

runway is already the busiest roadway in america. any flexibility still remains in regular schedule other over the years should not be made by congress, and ought to be made by the operators in conjunction with the faa demand safety delays. if we end up in a position as committee has, we end up anything close to what the committee is advocating your precious such as yesterday. carl members who already is airport think about that not only in terms of overall but you : airplanes will some the basis.

doctor galindo, an additional flights beyond the currently existing 1250-mile perimeters, almost exclusively with larger airplanes. airplanes turmoil. today's yesterday's near crash 19 takeoff and landing already, probably sacrifice safety over the matter, just being able to get in and out on a timely manner anymore? the safety line public must be on time yet we are now debating whether some lawmakers needed more important. like this, incidents that

happened yesterday will be a much more common basis. should not take that action the faa re- authorization comes up. it's not often we ought to listen to the house. in this case we ought to listen to the house overwhelmingly bipartisan position came up with zero flights out of reagan. i urge my colleagues to reject any changes in the reauthorization bill. and with that, i yield the floor and note the absence of a quorum to make a year ago artillery and

gunfire erupted in the capital of sudan. people ran for their lives, the beginning of a vicious war between two factions. the armed forces and military support to forces the last year there's absolute devastation in sudan. current sudanese have been in the crosshairs. they have found civilian targets and hospitals and used rape and sexual violence against women of ethnic groups as a weapon of war. they raise cities and towns, strangling commerce and trade. they have destroyed from the enforced powers to leave.

they have polluted military supply aid. good programs, student directors said this could bring unprecedented levels of starvation. going to the united nations, thousand people have been reported killed an additional ten to 15000 and one tom alone. a dozen people have left their homes, 25 million including 14 million children humanitarian assistance basic materials like food, medicine and clothing. the president said to danylo the worst for the title under rule millions of things and control by the sas.

he will have no access to aid in the international community has no plan to protect them should the amount to full-scale assault. my colleague in the senate is a foreign relations committee has just come back from the region. he gave us an account of the violence, sudanese people are facing. last week testifying in front of the relations committee about a minute famine and this week the center for human rights released a report including rss is committing genocide and sudan. the evidence clear and overwhelming, we must take action now. this week's military conference

of the united states announced an additional 100 million hours and eight into the conflict. the united states has been the largest to date. the printer 2 billion euros, money need all to do more. i'm pleased when the senate passed security funding supplemental included with $9 billion in additional humanitarian aid. cordova aid would go to help the people of sudan. i know this bipartisan support despite my colleagues appropriation committee for assistance to client in some parts usaid.

we should not have to choose between starting sudanese, helping patients or helping ukrainians. every life is precious and every day matters. i hope my alex in the house debating the fundamental bill understands that. there are so many reasons why they need to pass it but there's a different formulation, i hope it will get to us as soon as possible. it is critical for ukraine, absolutely literally depending on the support they need to

defend themselves against russia and important for our friends in the middle east and the indo-pacific. it's essential for military aid included in the fundamental. russia is relentlessly only energy sector, ukraine is running out of ammunition. ukraine survivalist in danger trade any delay makes the funding worse just as the humanitarian situation gets worse. only twice in the past 13 years. across sudan will be next unless we act verdicts prevention efforts. in 2017 we prevented three of the core from the appropriation bill.

the global community depends upon our readership. values demand we don't stand by when people are starting we have the capacity and we need to act and show we live by actions on our values. the only situation for the crisis in sudan besides donna and negotiate peace got to the outside country support and adding to the civil war taking place but in the meantime, they must allow access throughout the country. as we mark the one-year anniversary of the conflict, how to say to the international community and biden administration, the senate

foreign relations committee, who we need to act now. we need others to put their money where their mouth is now. we need to support sudan's neighbors were hosting countless refugees now. we need diplomatic talks to end the war in sudan to resume now. it's time to set the date and my colleagues in the house, you need to know. the supplemental bill please thank you in february, provide millions of sudanese's lives are on the line. we must not stand by and watch them perish. the president, i urge us all to act with urgency. i was suggest the absence of a quorum.

quorum call:

quorum, the numbers are on your screen. we will hear from don in nevada, republican. >> go right ahead. >> does a lot of things we americans don't remember. number one, over 200,000 ukrainian were slaughtered by putin. number two, we had ukrainian military serving side-by-side in

iraq and afghanistan. we have three democracies being tortured, ukraine, israel and taiwan. i think the republicans should are doing a disfavor disenfranchising three to 4 million ukrainians that are going to vote mostly democratic because republicans are dropping the ball on support for ukraine, israel and taiwan. i want to end this by saying

i've been the 57 here republican voter ever since i got out of the service. i will be thinking twice what about at all in the next election. thank you. >> democrat on the line. >> good morning, everybody. i've been listening today and i've been getting very upset. i cannot believe republicans want to sell out ukraine. the democrats -- as far as that lady who said biden's week, that's true maybe but we surely

know trump is a coward, it's been proven. he can't because he was a coward. the dull approaches i. >> gordon, good morning. we met thank you for taking michael. want to make a comment or two. a lot of people do a lot of history work on ukraine.

the jewish russian and so forth and world war ii, they have one of the worst that were there and it is still honoring -ism. that's one of the last thing is that i would like to know the board of thing, everybody keeps making comments but all the money united states and the south american countries from mexico to venezuela etc., watchdog in the country, where is the money going? watching where the money is

going because the people leaving these countries, they are workable but no rich people are coming, no wealthy people are coming. i can't quite put a button on, where is the money going flex we just keep kicking money to them and what we saw giving them or not giving as much if we are not giving the money and where is the benefit? >> good morning. a little bit of research with, i

was curious about the breakdown of the current eight to ukraine i ended up on the appeal and students and i can break it down really quickly. and going toward humanitarian concerns for only 10% of the eight out of the european nations going to ukraine is military assistance were united states aid, 90% of aid from the u.s. is military aid as opposed to 10% give or take 5%. 10% eight humanitarian aid. in my opinion, advice into saying this is the u.s. institute for.

>> certainly you don't think the u.s. start the war, is that what you mean by instituted? >> displays into putin thanked because united states is funding the military, 90% of the military they are engaging with, u.s. is interfering so i would like to see the european nations getting claims and support they need the parents of the united states gives 10% of the -- 10% of the military aid and 90% of financial aid that they need. military weapons are already in europe right now that they need to support ukraine. >> what you think i would do if you were to put that? the same amount of money i'm assuming, what would that do?

without get him to stop his aggression? >> it would be the european nations 90% of their military going against russia, not 10% of the military against russia. in that breakdown, pensions were part of the 90% humanitarian aid. i wondered about that, i didn't break it down but wages the ukrainians workers would have been making in ukraine and rather than a burden on the economies of those nations is

tensions keeping wages of ukrainian workers going so they are not a financial burden to the countries they are escaping to. >> independent, good morning. >> good morning i want to talk about should around the world from sudan to vermont to israel, large percentage of the population engaging in war while we have a choice stand or retreat in the face of hypocrisy. >> james in maryland, good morning. >> how is it going? >> going all right, how about you?

>> people should stop hurting and stop killing and stop giving away everything we have and trying to help each other. i am a firm believer you should clean your own backyard rather than trying to clean somebody else's yard of you should always take care of yourself. my dad passed, none on the one, the hell with everybody else. >> today starts the fourth day the criminal trial and manhattan. yesterday this is what former president trump said when he talks to reporters after spending the day in court.

>> i'm supposed to be in north carolina. a lot of different places but this is the legal experts and saying this is not. this is another one, it's ridiculous and abroad.

and all of them, red, white and blue. kennedy. for the family at an event in philadelphia, here's a portion of her remarks. >> to reelect joe biden and kamala harris to four more years. [cheering and applauding]

,. >> or more years. [chanting] [chanting] [chanting] >> president biden has been a champion the rights and freedoms my father and uncle stood for. nearly every single grandchild of joe and rose kennedy supports joe biden. [cheering and applauding] [cheering and applauding] >> that was the daughter and we will take a call online for

democrat, california. good morning. >> beginning and i don't want to say people are ignorant but all these coming south of the border, those south of the border, most of them are looking for 24/7. she is at one record, and from a middle eastern terrorist, i'm just going to get the fly, fly into canada across the border that way. so people thinking terrorists will come south of the border, federal where they get this idea from. the cartels the company is real

about the cardinal is so entrenched -- >> what you say to the concept that there were 300 people on the terror watch list? the mark they were terrorists and watchlist come across the border, are they being watched? what kind of terrorist are we talking about next. >> i don't know those details. patricia and york, good morning. mr. sullivan: mr. president, is the senate in a quorum call? the presiding officer: it is. mr. sullivan: i ask that the quorum call be vitiated. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. sullivan: mr. president, i came to the floor of the senate last night to talk about a big choice president biden was going to make today. unfortunately he made the wrong

choice for america, for our allies, for alaska, for my constituents. and the choice was whether he was going to make a big decision to shut down two of the biggest resource developments areas in america, a place we call the national petroleum reserve of alaska and the ambler mining district of alaska. some of the biggest deposits of critical minerals in america, in the world, and one of the biggest, most proliving basin -- prolific basins in the world where we in alaska produce these minerals which we need better than anybody. the president should them down today. he won't sanction iran for oil and gas but sure as hell will sanction alaska. a little crazy. if you're an american watching, you would be why would we do

that? i'm going to get to that, mr. president. it's a real disappointment, disspiriting day in alaska, but, mr. president, i talked about how infuriating this was particularly for my constituents, workers, alaskans, but particularly for the inupiat alaska native people who live on the north slope of alaska. one of these rules, the national petroleum reserve of alaska rule directly impacts them. i'm frustrated. senator murkowski is very frustrated. congress woman patola is very frustrated. we put out a press release denouncing this decision this morning. but, mr. president, the people who are really, really frustrated, to be honest, insulted, are these great

americans, these great indigenous leaders in my state. because they are the ones that this rule is going to impact. this rule is about the north slope of alaska, incredible place. they are the leaders. they are the indigenous people who live there. and as i mentioned in my remarks last night, mr. president, the biden administration just won't listen to them at all. you want to talk about canceled voices for indigenous americans, the biden administration won't listen to them. this group of great alaska natives, as i mentioned last night, have come to washington, d.c. these are the elected leaders of the north slope, where this rule was solely going to impact. they came to washington, d.c., flew 4,000 miles, eight different times to meet with secretary haaland and say madam secretary, this is our land. don't do this. you're going to hurt our future,

hurt our prospects to live. we've been living there for 10,000 years. you know how many times secretary haaland met with these great americans, eight different trips to washington, d.c.? zero. zero. again, mr. president, i'll show real quick, it's really important, this is the area of alaska that i'm talking about. the north slope, right up here. this whole area, the north slope of alaska, includes anwr, includes the national petroleum reserve of alaska. this area is about the size of montana. we're a giant state. and these are the leaders. we have a burough, elected burough and mayor, we have tribal leaders. we have leaders of alaska native corporations. these are all the elected

inupiat leaders, this part of the state. that's where the rule was announced today. and every one of them tried to come here and say president biden, secretary haaland, don't do that to us. that's going to really harm us. and we know more about our land than you guys do. we've been living there for 10,000 years. these are great americans. so, their voices were canceled, mr. president, but i will tell you when i saw the press release from the president of the united states today and secretary haaland today on this decision, i don't think i've ever been more disgusted in my nine years as a u.s. senator from what i saw from this white house, from this president and this secretary of interior. and here's why, mr. president. and you know me, i'm a pretty

calm guy. i don't use words like lying, okay. here's what happened today. this administration won't listen to these great people. never did. so they canceled their voices. then today they're stealing their voices. stealing their voices. as i said, mr. president, i've never seen anything more despicable than this. the biden administration won't listen to these great americans, but then when they put their press release out today, they're telling the rest of the country we're doing this to benefit the indigenous people of the north slope. that's in the press release. they won't listen to them because they don't want the rule. and then when they put the statement out today, they told the american people we're doing this to help these great

americans. stunning. mr. president, that's what you call a bald-faced lie. so here's the statement from president biden himself, a couple hours old. and he said, quote, i am proud that my administration is taking action to conserve more than 13 million acres of their land and to honor the culture, history, and enduring wisdom of alaska natives who have lived on and steward these lands since time immemorial. that's the president of the united states' statement. that's a bald-faced lie because he's saying i'm the president. i'm doing it to help these great alaska native people. and guess what? they were toeltsly oppose -- totally opposed to this rule. and secretary haaland wouldn't even meet with them. it gets worse, mr. president. here's secretary haaland's

statement. she said we're taking this action today to, quote, safeguard the way of life for the indigenous people -- those people -- who have called this special place their home, their home since time immemorial. unquote. that's secretary haaland. mr. president, this is just unbelievable. like i said, i've never seen anything like this. the biden administration won't listen to the indigenous leaders of the very place they're going to do a huge rule on negatively impacting their lives. and then when they put the statement out on why they're doing it, they tell the rest of the country, we're doing it to help them. i've never seen such hypocrisy in lying, from the president, from the secretary of interior. and, by the way, mr. president, a little bit of an aside, it's

not just lying. it's unbelievable hypocrisy, particularly as it relates to the secretary of interior. when she announced these proposed rules to lock up the north slope of alaska, she said she was going to do it because of the, quote, climate crisis and to deliver on the biden administration's most ambitious climate agenda in history. they announced the rule, they're going to shut down the north slope of alaska, hurt these great americans because of the climate crisis. we're going to go after alaska and inupiaq natives. so that was the goal, ignore their voices. but if secretary haaland was really interested in the climate crisis, mr. president, i'm wondering why she doesn't do more with regard to her own state. her own state. what am i talking about here?

mr. president, the first two years of the biden administration, over half of all permits, 9,000 federal permits to drill for oil and gas on federal lands went to which state? anyone guess? alaska? hell no. they're shutting us down every day. more than half. over 9,000 permits to drill for oil and gas on federal lands went to which state? you guessed it. new mexico. whose home state is that? oh my gosh, the secretary of interior. get this number. and look, if there's anyone in the press listening, can you please write this story. i'm going to get to that in a minute. at the beginning of the biden administration, new mexico -- so

new mexico is in the red. gray is alaska. alaska has been about steady for well over a decade, about 500,000 barrels a day. that's a lot. we were a lot more at one point. steady. at the beginning of the biden administration, new mexico was about a million barrels a day. you know where they are now? almost two million barrels a day. whoa, where are the radical environmentalists wanting to shut down new mexico? wait a minute, no one is touching new mexico. they increased production under president biden by a million barrels a day on federal land. where is our intrepid american press to write this story? think about this one, mr. president. think about the flip side of all this. a republican administration gets elected. they say we're going to shut down the oil production of a

democrat state. we're going to crush the native people in that democrat state. we're not going to listen to them at all. and then we're going to make sure that that republican secretary of interior's home state is going to be drill, baby, drill on federal lands. two million barrels a day, increased by a million barrels a day. and what's this administration -- shutting down alaska. we're steady, 500,000. drill, baby, drill, for secretary haaland and new mexico on federal lands. if that story were happening right now, "the new york times," "the washington post," they would be writing about it every day. they would be calling it a scandal. they would be looking for corruption. they would be calling for resignations. but this identical situation, i don't think the press has written about it once. no wonder the american people don't trust the media. such an obvious story of hypocrisy to write about, and nobody does.

mr. president, i'm digressing here. i want to get back to what happened today. as i mentioned, the president and the secretary put out statements today saying, well, we did this to help the inupiaq native people of alaska on the north slope. well, mr. president, it's a lie. it's a lie. let me get back to this. it's simply not true. how do we know? because i'm going to do what the biden administration didn't do. i'm going to give voice to my constituents who live in this place that just got shut down today. here is a press release, mr. president. it's from a group called the voice of the inupiaq, the arctic inupiaq. i'd like to submit this for the

record. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. sullivan: so let me just talk a little bit about the voice of the arctic inupiaq. it is a nonprofit organization established in 2015 by the north slope region's collective elected inupiaq native leadership. it is dedicated to preserving advancing the north slope inupiaq culture and economic self-determination. it includes local governments, alaska native corporations, federally recognized tribes, tribal nonprofits across that entire north slope region. the voice, the board of directors of the voice previously issued a strong resolution in opposition to the biden administration's mpra rule that went into effect today impacting their ancestral home lands. mr. president, just because it's really important because i want to give a sense of how many

people, it's literally tens of thousands that the biden administration is ignoring. the voice of the arctic inupiaq constitutes the following communities and organizations. point hope, point lai, anatuvik pass, nuwisk, atasoop corporation, the city of ataksoop, the native village of akasuk, the native village of point llai, the ipeati "c" corporation, the city of barro, the city of point hope, katovik

inupiat corporation, the north slope borough, inupiat corporation, and the village of wayneright. that's tens of thousands of my constituents, and they're all against this rule and they all live in the region where the rule will impact my state. these are great people, whaling captains, they serve at the highest rate in the military than any other state in the union, they are defenders of their culture, they're generous, humble. i'm so honored to represent these great americans as their senator. so here's the letter, mr. president. i'm going to quote from it

because it shows just what a travesty and what a bunch of abobal baloney, the president of the united states and secretary haaland's statements were today. they wouldn't meet with these great people and now their statements are saying we're doing it on their behalf. so let's see what they said this their press release today. the elected alaska native leaders who supposedly had this recall done for them by joe biden's graciousness. big lie. here's the president of the voice of the arctic ee new mexico yack -- inupiaq. the president has ignored the north slope by issuing a final rule for the npra that does not reflect our community's wishes.

i thought they said it did. he continues. this is a deep concerning trend by the biden administration that regularly claims to be the nos indigenous friendly government on record as a result the final npra rule issued today will hurt the very residents the federal government pourts to help -- purports to help by rolling back years of progress and impairing our inupiaq culture. there is not much you can do when your own government says shut up. it hurts. that's the leader of the voice. -- the leader of the voice in his press statement today.

but president biden and secretary haaland put out a statement saying they did it to help that guy. let me get so some of -- to some of the other leaders. if you're a national media journalist, can you please quote this? one of you guys? please. "new york times," you never listen to the voice of the native people. you cancel them all the time. "washington post," come on. do your job. quote these people. don't just quote haaland and biden. it's frustrating. o okay, here's the mayor of the north slopeborough. it is bigger than montana. josiah he's a wonderful leader.

the mayor, remember, he's elected, he's an inupiaq native. they seem to care about this land, our land more than we do. the mayor said the elected leaders of the north slope spoke -- native leaders -- spoke in unison in opposition to this rule during the rule-making process to refuse to listen to our voices is to say that you, federal government, joe biden, secretary haaland, you know better -- better than the people who have been this land's stewards for the past 10,000 years. and who depend on its continued health for our own survival. this is the mayor of the north slope burrow.

he continues -- we deserve the same right to economic prosperity and essential services as the rest of the country as other fellow americans and we are being denied that opportunity to take care of our residents in community with this decision by the biden administration. it is insulting and unfortunately representative of the federal government's treatment of our indigenous voices for decades. so, mr. president, and i'm talking now about president biden, don't keep calling yourself the most important administration with regard to indigenous people. you are screwing the people of the north slope of alaska. let me continue. this is another leader, tribal secretary doreen leavitt, who i

also know, from a great family. quote, as the north slope's federally recognized tribe, we have experienced a severe lack of progress, meaningful engagement, including a lack of notice for tribal consultation, something we are still waiting for to this day from the biden administration. as a federally recognized tribe, we are required to follow federal laws and policies when engaging in government relationships, but the biden administration has failed to follow its own policies, executive orders and department consultation guidelines. unquote. that's the tribal secretary. let me give you a couple of other quotes, mr. president. this is from the coe from the arctic -- ceo from the north slope regional corporation. he is a really good friend of mine. like a brother to me. he says, quote, on multiple

occasions, the elected leadership of the north slope, shared with the biden administration officials, our unified opposition to this rule. the biden administration has chosen to ignore the consensus opinion of indigenous organizations from our regions. remember, mr. president, this rule only impacts their region. he continues -- as stewards of the arctic for ma lena -- me lena, we know this better than anyone else, local governments and alaska native village corporations, we will continue to fight to have our voices heard. well, they certainly weren't heard at all in this case, mr. president. by the way, in their press release, they give this narrative, just so you know i'm not making it up. here's what they said about

consultation. this is in their press release. hope "the new york times" writes this story. local indigenous elected leaders made every effort to highlight the negative repercussions of this npra-rule to the white house, but they were stonewalled repeatedly by federal officials more concerned with advancing their proposal than listening to the legitimate concerns of the indigenous people of the north slope of the they -- north slope. secretary deb haaland herself denied eight meeting requests from north slope einupiaq leades including a decision to deny a meeting during a recent multiday trip to our home state of alaska. wow. wow.

mr. president, no kidding, i'm like getting sick to my stomach here . i'm so mad. let me end with one more quote from a great leader, the ceo who i also know well. he says, quote, this npra rule is a set back for our corporation and the future generations of alaska natives who intend to continue living on our lands, the lands of our ancestors and our inupiaq community of waynewright. they're a private landowner. he continues, today's final rule was not something we asked for. it was not something we wanted or is something we support. this was imposed on them. but joe biden says they wanted

it. he continues, as the habing landowner to -- neighboring landowner, woe are frustrated this could affect economic opportunities for our community. i will reiterate what i said previously. when a government entity writes rules about the areas where our people live and subside, they must come to us first. mr. president, in this case they never came to them at all. complete ignoring of the alaska native voices in my state. that did not happen here. he concludes. so, mr. president, let me conclude. as you can tell, i'm frustrated, senator murkowski is frustrated, congresswoman peltola is frustrated. this is now 62 executive orders and executive actions exclusively focused on alaska by the biden administration to shut

us down. the vast majority of the people i'm honored to help have been opposed to every single one of them. but this one is the ultimate insult because the president of the united states today used his voice to lie to the american people and say, i'm doing this on behalf of the alaska native people who live in the north slope region. that is a lie. okay. and you just heard directly, and i hope the media writes it, that that is a lie. it is a sad and dispiriting day for me, my constituents, but in particular the native leaders of alaska whose voices were canceled because secretary haland never -- ha land never -- haaland never listened to them. that's her job, trust

responsibility for the native people of america. certainly failed on that today. mr. president, as i mentioned yesterday more broadly, this administration's fine with sanctioning alaskans, alaska natives in particular, but, heck, iran, new mexico, venezuela, russia, it's drill, baby, drill in their parts of the world. both president biden and secretary haaland didn't do their consultations and now they've put out statements insulting these great people by saying what they did today is going to benefit them. it's going to harm them. you just heard their voices. i'm not canceling their voices. i'm trying to lift up hair voices -- lift up their voices. we know what is going on here, olympic. and that is -- here, mr.

president. and that is mr. president doesn't care about these people, he's taking direction from what we all echo colonialists who tray to tell the alaska native people how to live their lives, echocol echocolonialists, who don't give a damn about the people of the north slope of alaska, and who the president thinks he needs for his election. he's appeasing them. like the dictators in iran beijing, these echocolonialists are overjoyed by the decision of the biden administration, shutting down major resource areas in america, while the alaska native people who lived in the north slope region for thousands of years are despondent, discouraged and insulted.

so am i, mr. president, but we collectively continue to fight this administration. and when we have to, like today, expose the lies that they are telling to the american people. i yield the floor.